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SAA-C03 AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Associate (SAA-C03) Questions and Answers

Questions 4

A business's backup data totals 700 terabytes (TB) and is kept in network attached storage (NAS) at its data center. This backup data must be available in the event of occasional regulatory inquiries and preserved for a period of seven years. The organization has chosen to relocate its backup data from its on-premises data center to Amazon Web Services (AWS). Within one month, the migration must be completed. The company's public internet connection provides 500 Mbps of dedicated capacity for data transport.

What should a solutions architect do to ensure that data is migrated and stored at the LOWEST possible cost?

Options:

A.

Order AWS Snowball devices to transfer the data. Use a lifecycle policy to transition the files to Amazon S3 Glacier Deep Archive.

B.

Deploy a VPN connection between the data center and Amazon VPC. Use the AWS CLI to copy the data from on premises to Amazon S3 Glacier.

C.

Provision a 500 Mbps AWS Direct Connect connection and transfer the data to Amazon S3. Use a lifecycle policy to transition the files to Amazon S3 Glacier Deep Archive.

D.

Use AWS DataSync to transfer the data and deploy a DataSync agent on premises. Use the DataSync task to copy files from the on-premises NAS storage to Amazon S3 Glacier.

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Questions 5

A company's web application is running on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The company recently changed its policy, which now requires the application to be accessed from one specific country only.

Which configuration will meet this requirement?

Options:

A.

Configure the security group for the EC2 instances.

B.

Configure the security group on the Application Load Balancer.

C.

Configure AWS WAF on the Application Load Balancer in a VPC.

D.

Configure the network ACL for the subnet that contains the EC2 instances.

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Questions 6

A company wants to run applications in containers in the AWS Cloud. These applications are stateless and can tolerate disruptions within the underlying infrastructure. The company needs a solution that minimizes cost and operational overhead.

What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use Spot Instances in an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group to run the application containers.

B.

Use Spot Instances in an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) managed node group.

C.

Use On-Demand Instances in an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group to run the application containers.

D.

Use On-Demand Instances in an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) managed node group.

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Questions 7

A company has a service that produces event data. The company wants to use AWS to process the event data as it is received. The data is written in a specific order that must be maintained throughout processing The company wants to implement a solution that minimizes operational overhead.

How should a solutions architect accomplish this?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) FIFO queue to hold messages Set up an AWS Lambda function to process messages from the queue

B.

Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to deliver notifications containing payloads to process Configure an AWS Lambda function as a subscriber.

C.

Create an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) standard queue to hold messages. Set up an AWS Lambda function to process messages from the queue independently

D.

Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to deliver notifications containing payloads to process. Configure an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue as a subscriber.

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Questions 8

A new employee has joined a company as a deployment engineer. The deployment engineer will be using AWS CloudFormation templates to create multiple AWS resources. A solutions architect wants the deployment engineer to perform job activities while following the principle of least privilege.

Which steps should the solutions architect do in conjunction to reach this goal? (Select two.)

Options:

A.

Have the deployment engineer use AWS account roof user credentials for performing AWS CloudFormation stack operations.

B.

Create a new IAM user for the deployment engineer and add the IAM user to a group that has the PowerUsers IAM policy attached.

C.

Create a new IAM user for the deployment engineer and add the IAM user to a group that has the Administrate/Access IAM policy attached.

D.

Create a new IAM User for the deployment engineer and add the IAM user to a group that has an IAM policy that allows AWS CloudFormation actions only.

E.

Create an IAM role for the deployment engineer to explicitly define the permissions specific to the AWS CloudFormation stack and launch stacks using Dial IAM role.

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Questions 9

A company wants to migrate its on-premises data center to AWS. According to the company's compliance requirements, the company can use only the ap-northeast-3 Region. Company administrators are not permitted to connect VPCs to the internet.

Which solutions will meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

Use AWS Control Tower to implement data residency guardrails to deny internet access and deny access to all AWS Regions except ap-northeast-3.

B.

Use rules in AWS WAF to prevent internet access. Deny access to all AWS Regions except ap-northeast-3 in the AWS account settings.

C.

Use AWS Organizations to configure service control policies (SCPS) that prevent VPCs from gaining internet access. Deny access to all AWS Regions except ap-northeast-3.

D.

Create an outbound rule for the network ACL in each VPC to deny all traffic from 0.0.0.0/0. Create an IAM policy for each user to prevent the use of any AWS Region other than ap-northeast-3.

E.

Use AWS Config to activate managed rules to detect and alert for internet gateways and to detect and alert for new resources deployed outside of ap-northeast-3.

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Questions 10

A company has implemented a self-managed DNS solution on three Amazon EC2 instances behind a Network Load Balancer (NLB) in the us-west-2 Region. Most of the company's users are located in the United States and Europe. The company wants to improve the performance and availability of the solution. The company launches and configures three EC2 instances in the eu-west-1 Region and adds the EC2 instances as targets for a new NLB.

Which solution can the company use to route traffic to all the EC2 instances?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon Route 53 geolocation routing policy to route requests to one of the two NLBs. Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution. Use the Route 53 record as the distribution's origin.

B.

Create a standard accelerator in AWS Global Accelerator. Create endpoint groups in us-west-2 and eu-west-1. Add the two NLBs as endpoints for the endpoint groups.

C.

Attach Elastic IP addresses to the six EC2 instances. Create an Amazon Route 53 geolocation routing policy to route requests to one of the six EC2 instances. Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution. Use the Route 53 record as the distribution's origin.

D.

Replace the two NLBs with two Application Load Balancers (ALBs). Create an Amazon Route 53 latency routing policy to route requests to one of the two ALBs. Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution. Use the Route 53 record as the distribution's origin.

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Questions 11

A company needs to retain application logs files for a critical application for 10 years. The application team regularly accesses logs from the past month for troubleshooting, but logs older than 1 month are rarely accessed. The application generates more than 10 TB of logs per month.

Which storage option meets these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Store the Iogs in Amazon S3 Use AWS Backup lo move logs more than 1 month old to S3 Glacier Deep Archive

B.

Store the logs in Amazon S3 Use S3 Lifecycle policies to move logs more than 1 month old to S3 Glacier Deep Archive

C.

Store the logs in Amazon CloudWatch Logs Use AWS Backup to move logs more then 1 month old to S3 Glacier Deep Archive

D.

Store the logs in Amazon CloudWatch Logs Use Amazon S3 Lifecycle policies to move logs more than 1 month old to S3 Glacier Deep Archive

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Questions 12

A company wants to run a gaming application on Amazon EC2 instances that are part of an Auto Scaling group in the AWS Cloud. The application will transmit data by using UDP packets. The company wants to ensure that the application can scale out and in as traffic increases and decreases.

What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Attach a Network Load Balancer to the Auto Scaling group

B.

Attach an Application Load Balancer to the Auto Scaling group.

C.

Deploy an Amazon Route 53 record set with a weighted policy to route traffic appropriately

D.

Deploy a NAT instance that is configured with port forwarding to the EC2 instances in the Auto Scaling group.

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Questions 13

A company has a highly dynamic batch processing job that uses many Amazon EC2 instances to complete it. The job is stateless in nature, can be started and stopped at any given time with no negative impact, and typically takes upwards of 60 minutes total to complete. The company has asked a solutions architect to design a scalable and cost-effective solution that meets the requirements of the job.

What should the solutions architect recommend?

Options:

A.

Implement EC2 Spot Instances

B.

Purchase EC2 Reserved Instances

C.

Implement EC2 On-Demand Instances

D.

Implement the processing on AWS Lambda

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Questions 14

A company is running several business applications in three separate VPCs within me us-east-1 Region. The applications must be able to communicate between VPCs. The applications also must be able to consistently send hundreds to gigabytes of data each day to a latency-sensitive application that runs in a single on-premises data center.

A solutions architect needs to design a network connectivity solution that maximizes cost-effectiveness

Which solution moots those requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure three AWS Site-to-Site VPN connections from the data center to AWS Establish connectivity by configuring one VPN connection for each VPC

B.

Launch a third-party virtual network appliance in each VPC Establish an iPsec VPN tunnel between the Data center and each virtual appliance

C.

Set up three AWS Direct Connect connections from the data center to a Direct Connect gateway in us-east-1 Establish connectivity by configuring each VPC to use one of the Direct Connect connections

D.

Set up one AWS Direct Connect connection from the data center to AWS. Create a transit gateway, and attach each VPC to the transit gateway. Establish connectivity between the Direct Connect connection and the transit gateway.

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Questions 15

A solutions architect must design a solution that uses Amazon CloudFront with an Amazon S3 origin to store a static website. The company's security policy requires that all website traffic be inspected by AWS WAR

How should the solutions architect comply with these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure an S3 bucket policy lo accept requests coming from the AWS WAF Amazon Resource Name (ARN) only.

B.

Configure Amazon CloudFront to forward all incoming requests to AWS WAF before requesting content from the S3 origin.

C.

Configure a security group that allows Amazon CloudFront IP addresses to access Amazon S3 only. Associate AWS WAF to CloudFront.

D.

Configure Amazon CloudFront and Amazon S3 to use an origin access identity (OAI) to restrict access to the S3 bucket. Enable AWS WAF on the distribution.

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Questions 16

A company is moving its on-premises Oracle database to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL. The database has several applications that write to the same tables. The applications need to be migrated one by one with a month in between each migration. Management has expressed concerns that the database has a high number of reads and writes. The data must be kept in sync across both databases throughout the migration.

What should a solutions architect recommend?

Options:

A.

Use AWS DataSync for the initial migration. Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) to create a change data capture (CDC) replication task and a table mapping to select all tables.

B.

Use AWS DataSync for the initial migration. Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) to create a full load plus change data capture (CDC) replication task and a table mapping to select all tables.

C.

Use the AWS Schema Conversion Tool with AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) using a memory optimized replication instance. Create a full load plus change data capture (CDC) replication task and a table mapping to select all tables.

D.

Use the AWS Schema Conversion Tool with AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) using a compute optimized replication instance. Create a full load plus change data capture (CDC) replication task and a table mapping to select the largest tables.

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Questions 17

A company has resources across multiple AWS Regions and accounts. A newly hired solutions architect discovers a previous employee did not provide details about the resources invent^. The solutions architect needs to build and map the relationship details of the various workloads across all accounts.

Which solution will meet these requirements in the MOST operationally efficient way?

Options:

A.

Use AWS Systems Manager Inventory to generate a map view from the detailed view report.

B.

Use AWS Step Functions to collect workload details Build architecture diagrams of the workloads manually.

C.

Use Workload Discovery on AWS to generate architecture diagrams of the workloads.

D.

Use AWS X-Ray to view the workload details Build architecture diagrams with relationships

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Questions 18

An ecommerce company hosts its analytics application in the AWS Cloud. The application generates about 300 MB of data each month. The data is stored in JSON format. The company is evaluating a disaster recovery solution to back up the data. The data must be accessible in milliseconds if it is needed, and the data must be kept for 30 days.

Which solution meets these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Amazon OpenSearch Service (Amazon Elasticsearch Service)

B.

Amazon S3 Glacier

C.

Amazon S3 Standard

D.

Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL

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Questions 19

A global company is using Amazon API Gateway to design REST APIs for its loyalty club users in the us-east-1 Region and the ap-southeast-2 Region. A solutions architect must design a solution to protect these API Gateway managed REST APIs across multiple accounts from SQL injection and cross-site scripting attacks.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of administrative effort?

Options:

A.

Set up AWS WAF in both Regions. Associate Regional web ACLs with an API stage.

B.

Set up AWS Firewall Manager in both Regions. Centrally configure AWS WAF rules.

C.

Set up AWS Shield in bath Regions. Associate Regional web ACLs with an API stage.

D.

Set up AWS Shield in one of the Regions. Associate Regional web ACLs with an API stage.

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Questions 20

A solutions architect needs to design a highly available application consisting of web, application, and database tiers. HTTPS content delivery should be as close to the edge as possible, with the least delivery time.

Which solution meets these requirements and is MOST secure?

Options:

A.

Configure a public Application Load Balancer (ALB) with multiple redundant Amazon EC2 instances in public subnets. Configure Amazon CloudFront to deliver HTTPS content using the public ALB as the origin.

B.

Configure a public Application Load Balancer with multiple redundant Amazon EC2 instances in private subnets. Configure Amazon CloudFront to deliver HTTPS content using the EC2 instances as the origin.

C.

Configure a public Application Load Balancer (ALB) with multiple redundant Amazon EC2 instances in private subnets. Configure Amazon CloudFront to deliver HTTPS content using the public ALB as the origin.

D.

Configure a public Application Load Balancer with multiple redundant Amazon EC2 instances in public subnets. Configure Amazon CloudFront to deliver HTTPS content using the EC2 instances as the origin.

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Questions 21

A company uses on-premises servers to host its applications The company is running out of storage capacity. The applications use both block storage and NFS storage. The company needs a high-performing solution that supports local caching without re-architecting its existing applications.

Which combination of actions should a solutions architect take to meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Mount Amazon S3 as a file system to the on-premises servers.

B.

Deploy an AWS Storage Gateway file gateway to replace NFS storage.

C.

Deploy AWS Snowball Edge to provision NFS mounts to on-premises servers.

D.

Deploy an AWS Storage Gateway volume gateway to replace the block storage

E.

Deploy Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) volumes and mount them to on-premises servers.

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Questions 22

A company has created a multi-tier application for its ecommerce website. The website uses an Application Load Balancer that resides in the public subnets, a web tier in the public subnets, and a MySQL cluster hosted on Amazon EC2 instances in the private subnets. The MySQL database needs to retrieve product catalog and pricing information that is hosted on the internet by a third-party provider. A solutions architect must devise a strategy that maximizes security without increasing operational overhead.

What should the solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Deploy a NAT instance in the VPC. Route all the internet-based traffic through the NAT instance.

B.

Deploy a NAT gateway in the public subnets. Modify the private subnet route table to direct all internet-bound traffic to the NAT gateway.

C.

Configure an internet gateway and attach it to the VPC. Modify the private subnet route table to direct internet-bound traffic to the internet gateway.

D.

Configure a virtual private gateway and attach it to the VPC. Modify the private subnet route table to direct internet-bound traffic to the virtual private gateway.

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Questions 23

A company wants to implement a backup strategy for Amazon EC2 data and multiple Amazon S3 buckets. Because of regulatory requirements, the company must retain backup files for a specific time period. The company must not alter the files for the duration of the retention period.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use AWS Backup to create a backup vault that has a vault lock in governance mode. Create the required backup plan.

B.

Use Amazon Data Lifecycle Manager to create the required automated snapshot policy.

C.

Use Amazon S3 File Gateway to create the backup. Configure the appropriate S3 Lifecycle management.

D.

Use AWS Backup to create a backup vault that has a vault lock in compliance mode. Create the required backup plan.

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Questions 24

A company has five organizational units (OUs) as part of its organization in AWS Organizations. Each OU correlates to the five businesses that the company owns. The company's research and development (R&D) business is separating from the company and will need its own organization. A solutions architect creates a separate new management account for this purpose.

What should the solutions architect do next in the new management account?

Options:

A.

Have the R&D AWS account be part of both organizations during the transition.

B.

Invite the R&D AWS account to be part of the new organization after the R&D AWS account has left the prior organization.

C.

Create a new R&D AWS account in the new organization. Migrate resources from the prior R&D AWS account to the new R&D AWS account.

D.

Have the R&D AWS account join the new organization. Make the new management account a member of the prior organization.

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Questions 25

A company has a production workload that is spread across different AWS accounts in various AWS Regions. The company uses AWS Cost Explorer to continuously monitor costs and usage. The company wants to receive notifications when the cost and usage spending of the workload is unusual.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

In the AWS accounts where the production workload is running, create a linked account budget by using Cost Explorer in the AWS Cost Management console

B.

In ys AWS accounts where the production workload is running, create a linked account monitor by using AWS Cost Anomaly Detection in the AWS Cost Management console

C.

In the AWS accounts where the production workload is running, create a Cost and Usage Report by using Cost Anomaly Detection in the AWS Cost Management console.

D.

Create a report and send email messages to notify the company on a weekly basis.

E.

Create a subscription with the required threshold and notify the company by using weekly summaries.

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Questions 26

A company runs an application that uses Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL. The application receives traffic only on weekdays during business hours. The company wants to optimize costs and reduce operational overhead based on this usage.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use the Instance Scheduler on AWS to configure start and stop schedules.

B.

Turn off automatic backups. Create weekly manual snapshots of the database.

C.

Create a custom AWS Lambda function to start and stop the database based on minimum CPU utilization.

D.

Purchase All Upfront reserved DB instances.

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Questions 27

A company runs a microservice-based serverless web application. The application must be able to retrieve data from multiple Amazon DynamoDB tables. A solutions architect needs to give the application the ability to retrieve the data with no impact on the baseline performance of the application.

Which solution will meet these requirements in the MOST operationally efficient way?

Options:

A.

AWSAppSync pipeline resolvers

B.

Amazon CloudFront with Lambda@Edge functions

C.

Edge-optimized Amazon API Gateway with AWS Lambda functions

D.

Amazon Athena Federated Query with a DynamoDB connector

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Questions 28

A company runs demonstration environments for its customers on Amazon EC2 instances. Each environment is isolated in its own VPC. The company’s operations team needs to be notified when RDP or SSH access to an environment has been established.

Options:

A.

Configure Amazon CloudWatch Application Insights to create AWS Systems Manager OpsItems when RDP or SSH access is detected.

B.

Configure the EC2 instances with an IAM instance profile that has an IAM role with the AmazonSSMManagedInstanceCore policy attached.

C.

Publish VPC flow logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Create required metric filters. Create an Amazon CloudWatch metric alarm with a notification action for when the alarm is in the ALARM state.

D.

Configure an Amazon EventBridge rule to listen for events of type EC2 Instance State-change Notification. Configure an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic as a target. Subscribe the operations team to the topic.

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Questions 29

A solutions architect has created two IAM policies: Policy1 and Policy2. Both policies are attached to an IAM group.

A cloud engineer is added as an IAM user to the IAM group. Which action will the cloud engineer be able to perform?

Options:

A.

Deleting IAM users

B.

Deleting directories

C.

Deleting Amazon EC2 instances

D.

Deleting logs from Amazon CloudWatch Logs

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Questions 30

A company uses multiple vendors to distribute digital assets that are stored in Amazon S3 buckets The company wants to ensure that its vendor AWS accounts have the minimum access that is needed to download objects in these S3 buckets

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Design a bucket policy that has anonymous read permissions and permissions to list ail buckets.

B.

Design a bucket policy that gives read-only access to users. Specify 1AM entities as principals

C.

Create a cross-account 1AM role that has a read-only access policy specified for the 1AM role.

D.

Create a user policy and vendor user groups that give read-only access to vendor users

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Questions 31

A medical research lab produces data that is related to a new study. The lab wants to make the data available with minimum latency to clinics across the country for their on-premises, file-based applications. The data files are stored in an Amazon S3 bucket that has read-only permissions for each clinic.

What should a solutions architect recommend to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Deploy an AWS Storage Gateway file gateway as a virtual machine (VM) on premises at each clinic

B.

Migrate the files to each clinic’s on-premises applications by using AWS DataSync for processing.

C.

Deploy an AWS Storage Gateway volume gateway as a virtual machine (VM) on premises at each clinic.

D.

Attach an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system to each clinic’s on-premises servers.

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Questions 32

A company has deployed a Java Spring Boot application as a pod that runs on Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) in private subnets. The application needs to write data to an Amazon DynamoDB table. A solutions architect must ensure that the application can interact with the DynamoDB table without exposing traffic to the internet.

Which combination of steps should the solutions architect take to accomplish this goal? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

Attach an IAM role that has sufficient privileges to the EKS pod.

B.

Attach an IAM user that has sufficient privileges to the EKS pod.

C.

Allow outbound connectivity to the DynamoDB table through the private subnets’ network ACLs.

D.

Create a VPC endpoint for DynamoDB.

E.

Embed the access keys in the Java Spring Boot code.

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Questions 33

An loT company is releasing a mattress that has sensors to collect data about a user's sleep. The sensors will send data to an Amazon S3 bucket. The sensors collect approximately 2 MB of data every night for each mattress. The company must process and summarize the data for each mattress. The results need to be available as soon as possible Data processing will require 1 GB of memory and will finish within 30 seconds.

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Use AWS Glue with a Scalajob.

B.

Use Amazon EMR with an Apache Spark script.

C.

Use AWS Lambda with a Python script.

D.

Use AWS Glue with a PySpark job.

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Questions 34

A company previously migrated its data warehouse solution to AWS. The company also has an AWS Direct Connect connection. Corporate office users query the data warehouse using a visualization tool. The average size of a query returned by the data warehouse is 50 MB and each webpage sent by the visualization tool is approximately 500 KB. Result sets returned by the data warehouse are not cached.

Which solution provides the LOWEST data transfer egress cost for the company?

Options:

A.

Host the visualization tool on premises and query the data warehouse directly over the internet.

B.

Host the visualization tool in the same AWS Region as the data warehouse. Access it over the internet.

C.

Host the visualization tool on premises and query the data warehouse directly over a Direct Connect connection at a location in the same AWS Region.

D.

Host the visualization tool in the same AWS Region as the data warehouse and access it over a Direct Connect connection at a location in the same Region.

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Questions 35

A company needs to migrate a MySQL database from its on-premises data center to AWS within 2 weeks. The database is 20 TB in size. The company wants to complete the migration with minimal downtime.

Which solution will migrate the database MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Order an AWS Snowball Edge Storage Optimized device. Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) with AWS Schema Conversion Tool (AWS SCT) to migrate the database with replication of ongoing changes. Send the Snowball Edge device to AWS to finish the migration and continue the ongoing replication.

B.

Order an AWS Snowmobile vehicle. Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) with AWS Schema Conversion Tool (AWS SCT) to migrate the database wjgh ongoing changes. Send the Snowmobile vehicle back to AWS to finish the migration and continue the ongoing replication.

C.

Order an AWS Snowball Edge Compute Optimized with GPU device. Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) with AWS Schema Conversion Tool (AWS SCT) to migrate the database with ongoing changes. Send the Snowball device to AWS to finish the migration and continue the ongoing replication.

D.

Order a 1 GB dedicated AWS Direct Connect connection to establish a connection with the data center. Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) with AWS Schema Conversion Tool(AWS SCT) to migrate the database with replication of ongoing changes.

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Questions 36

A company has deployed its newest product on AWS. The product runs in an Auto Scaling group behind a Network Load Balancer. The company stores the product's objects in an Amazon S3 bucket.

The company recently experienced malicious attacks against its systems. The company needs a solution that continuously monitors for malicious activity in the AWS account, workloads, and access patterns to the S3 bucket. The solution must also report suspicious activity and display the information on a dashboard.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure Amazon Made to monitor and report findings to AWS Config.

B.

Configure Amazon Inspector to monitor and report findings to AWS CloudTrail.

C.

Configure Amazon GuardDuty to monitor and report findings to AWS Security Hub.

D.

Configure AWS Config to monitor and report findings to Amazon EventBridge.

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Questions 37

An application uses an Amazon RDS MySQL DB instance. The RDS database is becoming low on disk space. A solutions architect wants to increase the disk space without downtime.

Which solution meets these requirements with the LEAST amount of effort?

Options:

A.

Enable storage autoscaling in RDS.

B.

Increase the RDS database instance size.

C.

Change the RDS database instance storage type to Provisioned IOPS.

D.

Back up the RDS database, increase the storage capacity, restore the database, and stop the previous instance

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Questions 38

A company needs to configure a real-time data ingestion architecture for its application. The company needs an API. a process that transforms data as the data is streamed, and a storage solution for the data.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Deploy an Amazon EC2 instance to host an API that sends data to an Amazon Kinesis data stream. Create an Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream that uses the Kinesis data stream as a data source. Use AWS Lambda functions to transform the data. Use the Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream to send the data to Amazon S3.

B.

Deploy an Amazon EC2 instance to host an API that sends data to AWS Glue. Stop source/destination checking on the EC2 instance. Use AWS Glue to transform the data and to send the data to Amazon S3.

C.

Configure an Amazon API Gateway API to send data to an Amazon Kinesis data stream. Create an Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream that uses

the Kinesis data stream as a data source. Use AWS Lambda functions to transform the data. Use the Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream to send the data to Amazon S3.

D.

Configure an Amazon API Gateway API to send data to AWS Glue. Use AWS Lambda functions to transform the data. Use AWS Glue to send the data to Amazon S3.

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Questions 39

A company recently announced the deployment of its retail website to a global audience. The website runs on multiple Amazon EC2 instances behind an Elastic Load Balancer. The instances run in an Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones.

The company wants to provide its customers with different versions of content based on the devices that the customers use to access the website.

Which combination of actions should a solutions architect take to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

Configure Amazon CloudFront to cache multiple versions of the content.

B.

Configure a host header in a Network Load Balancer to forward traffic to different instances.

C.

Configure a Lambda@Edge function to send specific objects to users based on the User-Agent header.

D.

Configure AWS Global Accelerator. Forward requests to a Network Load Balancer (NLB). Configure the NLB to set up host-based routing to different EC2 instances.

E.

Configure AWS Global Accelerator. Forward requests to a Network Load Balancer (NLB). Configure the NLB to set up path-based routing to different EC2 instances.

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Questions 40

A company wants to use artificial intelligence (Al) to determine the quality of its customer service calls. The company currently manages calls in four different languages, including English. The company will offer new languages in the future. The company does not have the resources to regularly maintain machine learning (ML) models.

The company needs to create written sentiment analysis reports from the customer service call recordings. The customer service call recording text must be translated into English.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Use Amazon Comprehend to translate the audio recordings into English.

B.

Use Amazon Lex to create the written sentiment analysis reports.

C.

Use Amazon Polly to convert the audio recordings into text.

D.

Use Amazon Transcribe to convert the audio recordings in any language into text.

E.

Use Amazon Translate to translate text in any language to English.

F.

Use Amazon Comprehend to create the sentiment analysis reports.

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Questions 41

A 4-year-old media company is using the AWS Organizations all features feature set fo organize its AWS accounts. According to he company's finance team, the billing information on the member accounts

must not be accessible to anyone, including the root user of the member accounts.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Add all finance team users to an IAM group. Attach an AWS managed policy named Billing to the group.

B.

Attach an identity-based policy to deny access to the billing information to all users, including the root user.

C.

Create a service control policy (SCP) to deny access to the billing information. Attach the SCP to the root organizational unit (OU).

D.

Convert from the Organizations all features feature set to the Organizations consolidated billing feature set.

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Questions 42

A company is hosting a three-tier ecommerce application in the AWS Cloud. The company hosts the website on Amazon S3 and integrates the website with an API that handles sales requests. The company hosts the API on three Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The API consists of static and dynamic front-end content along with backend workers that process sales requests asynchronously.

The company is expecting a significant and sudden increase in the number of sales requests during events for the launch of new products

What should a solutions architect recommend to ensure that all the requests are processed successfully?

Options:

A.

Add an Amazon CloudFront distribution for the dynamic content. Increase the number of EC2 instances to handle the increase in traffic.

B.

Add an Amazon CloudFront distribution for the static content. Place the EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group to launch new instances based on network traffic.

C.

Add an Amazon CloudFront distribution for the dynamic content. Add an Amazon ElastiCache instance in front of the ALB to reduce traffic for the API to handle.

D.

Add an Amazon CloudFront distribution for the static content. Add an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SOS) queue to receive requests from the website for later processing by the EC2 instances.

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Questions 43

A company offers a food delivery service that is growing rapidly. Because of the growth, the company’s order processing system is experiencing scaling problems during peak traffic hours. The current architecture includes the following:

• A group of Amazon EC2 instances that run in an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group to collect orders from the application

• Another group of EC2 instances that run in an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group to fulfill orders

The order collection process occurs quickly, but the order fulfillment process can take longer. Data must not be lost because of a scaling event.

A solutions architect must ensure that the order collection process and the order fulfillment process can both scale properly during peak traffic hours. The solution must optimize utilization of the company’s AWS resources.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use Amazon CloudWatch metrics to monitor the CPU of each instance in the Auto Scaling groups. Configure each Auto Scaling group’s minimum capacity according to peak workload values.

B.

Use Amazon CloudWatch metrics to monitor the CPU of each instance in the Auto Scaling groups. Configure a CloudWatch alarm to invoke an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic that creates additional Auto Scaling groups on demand.

C.

Provision two Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queues: one for order collection and another for order fulfillment. Configure the EC2 instances to poll their respective queue. Scale the Auto Scaling groups based on notifications that the queues send.

D.

Provision two Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queues: one for order collection and another for order fulfillment. Configure the EC2 instances to poll their respective queue. Create a metric based on a backlog per instance calculation. Scale the Auto Scaling groups based on this metric.

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Questions 44

A global marketing company has applications that run in the ap-southeast-2 Region and the eu-west-1 Region. Applications that run in a VPC in eu-west-1 need to communicate securely with databases that run in a VPC in ap-southeast-2.

Which network design will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a VPC peering connection between the eu-west-1 VPC and the ap-southeast-2 VPC. Create an inbound rule in the eu-west-1 application security group that allows traffic from the database server IP addresses in the ap-southeast-2 security group.

B.

Configure a VPC peering connection between the ap-southeast-2 VPC and the eu-west-1 VPC. Update the subnet route tables. Create an inbound rule in the ap-southeast-2 database security group that references the security group ID of the application servers in eu-west-1.

C.

Configure a VPC peering connection between the ap-southeast-2 VPC and the eu-west-1 VPC. Update the subnet route tables Create an inbound rule in the ap-southeast-2 database security group that allows traffic from the eu-west-1 application server IP addresses.

D.

Create a transit gateway with a peering attachment between the eu-west-1 VPC and the ap-southeast-2 VPC. After the transit gateways are properly peered and routing is configured, create an inbound rule in the database security group that references the security group ID of the application servers in eu-west-1.

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Questions 45

A company designed a stateless two-tier application that uses Amazon EC2 in a single Availability Zone and an Amazon RDS Multi-AZ DB instance New company management wants to ensure the application is highly available.

What should a solutions architect do to meet this requirement?

Options:

A.

Configure the application to use Multi-AZ EC2 Auto Scaling and create an Application Load Balancer

B.

Configure the application to take snapshots of the EC2 instances and send them to a different AWS Region.

C.

Configure the application to use Amazon Route 53 latency-based routing to feed requests to the application.

D.

Configure Amazon Route 53 rules to handle incoming requests and create a Multi-AZ Application Load Balancer

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Questions 46

A company is developing a marketing communications service that targets mobile app users. The company needs to send confirmation messages with Short Message Service (SMS) to its users. The users must be able to reply to the SMS messages. The company must store the responses for a year for analysis.

What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon Connect contact flow to send the SMS messages. Use AWS Lambda to process the responses.

B.

Build an Amazon Pinpoint journey. Configure Amazon Pinpoint to send events to an Amazon Kinesis data stream for analysis and archiving.

C.

Use Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) to distribute the SMS messages. Use AWS Lambda to process the responses.

D.

Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) FIFO topic. Subscribe an Amazon Kinesis data stream to the SNS topic for analysis and archiving.

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Questions 47

A company is designing a containerized application that will use Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS). The application needs to access a shared file system that is highly durable and can recover data to another AWS Region with a recovery point objective (RPO) of 8 hours. The file system needs to provide a mount target in each Availability Zone within a Region.

A solutions architect wants to use AWS Backup to manage the replication to another Region.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

‘Amazon FSx for Windows File Server with a Multi-AZ deployment

B.

Amazon FSx for NetApp ONTAP with a Multi-AZ deployment

C.

‘Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) with the Standard storage class

D.

Amazon FSx for OpenZFS

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Questions 48

A company has a stateless web application that runs on AWS Lambda functions that are invoked by Amazon API Gateway. The company v wants to deploy the application across multiple AWS Regions to provide Regional failover capabilities.

What should a solutions architect do to route traffic to multiple Regions?

Options:

A.

Create Amazon Route 53 health checks for each Region. Use an active-active failover configuration.

B.

Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution with an origin for each Region. Use CloudFront health checks to route traffic.

C.

Create a transit gateway. Attach the transit gateway to the API Gateway endpoint in each Region. Configure the transit gateway to route requests.

D.

Create an Application Load Balancer in the primary Region. Set the target group to point to the API Gateway endpoint hostnames in each Region.

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Questions 49

A solutions architect is implementing a document review application using an Amazon S3 bucket for storage. The solution must prevent accidental deletion of the documents and ensure that all versions of the documents are available. Users must be able to download, modify, and upload documents.

Which combination of actions should be taken to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

Enable a read-only bucket ACL.

B.

Enable versioning on the bucket.

C.

Attach an IAM policy to the bucket.

D.

Enable MFA Delete on the bucket.

E.

Encrypt the bucket using AWS KMS.

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Questions 50

A solutions architect is implementing a complex Java application with a MySQL database. The Java application must be deployed on Apache Tomcat and must be highly available.

What should the solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Deploy the application in AWS Lambda. Configure an Amazon API Gateway API to connect with the Lambda functions.

B.

Deploy the application by using AWS Elastic Beanstalk. Configure a load-balanced environment and a rolling deployment policy.

C.

Migrate the database to Amazon ElastiCache. Configure the ElastiCache security group to allow access from the application.

D.

Launch an Amazon EC2 instance. Install a MySQL server on the EC2 instance. Configure the application on the server. Create an AMI. Use the AMI to create a launch template with an Auto scaling group.

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Questions 51

A company wants to securely exchange data between its software as a service (SaaS) application Salesforce account and Amazon S3. The company must encrypt the data at rest by using AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) customer managed keys (CMKs). The company must also encrypt the data in transit. The company has enabled API access for the Salesforce account.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST development effort?

Options:

A.

Create AWS Lambda functions to transfer the data securely from Salesforce to Amazon S3.

B.

Create an AWS Step Functions workflow. Define the task to transfer the data securely from Salesforce to Amazon S3.

C.

Create Amazon AppFlow flows to transfer the data securely from Salesforce to Amazon S3.

D.

Create a custom connector for Salesforce to transfer the data securely from Salesforce to Amazon S3.

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Questions 52

A company containerized a Windows job that runs on .NET 6 Framework under a Windows container. The company wants to run this job in the AWS Cloud. The job runs every 10 minutes. The job's runtime varies between 1 minute and 3 minutes.

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Create an AWS Lambda function based on the container image of the job. Configure Amazon EventBridge to invoke the function every 10 minutes.

B.

Use AWS Batch to create a job that uses AWS Fargate resources. Configure the job scheduling to run every 10 minutes.

C.

Use Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) on AWS Fargate to run the job. Create a scheduled task based on the container image of the job to run every 10 minutes.

D.

Use Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) on AWS Fargate to run the job. Create a standalone task based on the container image of the job. Use Windows task scheduler to run the job every 10 minutes.

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Questions 53

A company runs multiple Amazon EC2 Linux instances in a VPC across two Availability Zones. The instances host applications that use a hierarchical directory structure. The applications need to read and write rapidly and concurrently to shared storage.

What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon S3 bucket. Allow access from all the EC2 instances in the VPC.

B.

Create an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system. Mount the EFS file system from each EC2 instance.

C.

Create a file system on a Provisioned IOPS SSD (102) Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume. Attach the EBS volume to all the EC2 instances.

D.

Create file systems on Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volumes that are attached to each EC2 instance. Synchromze the EBS volumes across the different EC2 instances.

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Questions 54

A company hosts its application in the AWS Cloud. The application runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Elastic Load Balancer in an Auto Scaling group and with an Amazon DynamoDB table. The ‘company wants to ensure the application can be made available in another AWS Region with minimal downtime.

What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of downtime?

Options:

A.

Create an Auto Scaling group and a load balancer in the disaster recovery Region. Configure the DynamoDB table as a global table. Configure DNS failover to point to the new disaster recovery Region's load balancer.

B.

Create an AWS CloudFormation template to create EC2 instances, load balancers, and DynamoDB tables to be launched when needed. Configure DNS failover to point to the new disaster recovery Region's load balancer.

C.

Create an AWS CloudFormation template to create EC2 instances and a load balancer to be launched when needed. Configure the DynamoDB table as a global table. Configure DNS failover to point to the new disaster recovery Region's load balancer.

D.

Create an Auto Scaling group and load balancer in the disaster recovery Region. Configure the DynamoDB table as a global table. Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm to trigger an AWS Lambda function that updates Amazon Route 53 pointing to the disaster recovery load balancer.

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Questions 55

A company has a serverless application on AWS that uses Amazon RDS as a backend database. The application sometimes experiences a sudden unpredictable increase in traffic. During traffic increases, the application frequently opens and closes connections to the database, which causes the application to receive errors from the database or run out of connections. The company needs to ensure that the application is always scalable and highly available.

Which solution will meet these requirements WITHOUT any code changes to the application?

Options:

A.

Increase the maximum number of connections in the option group of the RDS database of the serverless application.

B.

Increase the instance size of the RDS DB instance to meet the peak load traffic.

C.

Deploy Amazon RDS Proxy between the serverless application and Amazon RDS.

D.

Purchase Reserved Instances for Amazon RDS to ensure that the database is highly available during peak load traffic.

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Questions 56

A company collects temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure data in cities across multiple continents. The average volume of data collected per site each day is 500 GB. Each site has a high-speed internet connection. The company's weather forecasting applications are based in a single Region and analyze the data daily.

What is the FASTEST way to aggregate data from all of these global sites?

Options:

A.

Enable Amazon S3 Transfer Acceleration on the destination bucket. Use multipart uploads to directly upload site data to the destination bucket.

B.

Upload site data to an Amazon S3 bucket in the closest AWS Region. Use S3 cross-Region replication to copy objects to the destination bucket.

C.

Schedule AWS Snowball jobs daily to transfer data to the closest AWS Region. Use S3 cross-Region replication to copy objects to the destination bucket.

D.

Upload the data to an Amazon EC2 instance in the closest Region. Store the data in an Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume. Once a day take an EBS snapshot and copy it to the centralized Region. Restore the EBS volume in the centralized Region and run an analysis on the data daily.

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Questions 57

A medical company wants to perform transformations on a large amount of clinical trial data that comes from several customers. The company must extract the data from a relational database that contains the customer data. Then the company will transform the data by using a series of complex rules. The company will load the data to Amazon S3 when the transformations are complete.

All data must be encrypted where it is processed before the company stores the data in Amazon S3. All data must be encrypted by using customer-specific keys.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of operational effort?

Options:

A.

Create one AWS Glue job for each customer Attach a security configuration to each job that uses server-side encryption with Amazon S3 managed keys (SSE-S3) to encrypt the data.

B.

Create one Amazon EMR cluster for each customer Attach a security configuration to each cluster that uses client-side encryption with a custom client-side root key (CSE-Custom) to encrypt the data.

C.

Create one AWS Glue job for each customer Attach a security configuration to each job that uses client-side encryption with AWS KMS managed keys (CSE-KMS) to encrypt the data.

D.

Create one Amazon EMR cluster for each customer Attach a security configuration to each cluster that uses server-side encryption with AWS KMS keys (SSE-KMS) to encrypt the data.

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Questions 58

An online retail company has more than 50 million active customers and receives more than 25,000 orders each day. The company collects purchase data for customers and stores this data in Amazon S3. Additional customer data is stored in Amazon RDS.

The company wants to make all the data available to various teams so that the teams can perform analytics. The solution must provide the ability to manage fine-grained permissions for the data and must minimize operational overhead.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Migrate the purchase data to write directly to Amazon RDS. Use RDS access controls to limit access.

B.

Schedule an AWS Lambda function to periodically copy data from Amazon RDS to Amazon S3. Create an AWS Glue crawler. Use Amazon Athena to query the data. Use S3 policies to limit access.

C.

Create a data lake by using AWS Lake Formation. Create an AWS Glue JDBC connection to Amazon RDS. Register the S3 bucket in Lake Formation. Use Lake Formation access controls to limit access.

D.

Create an Amazon Redshift cluster. Schedule an AWS Lambda function to periodically copy data from Amazon S3 and Amazon RDS to Amazon Redshift. Use Amazon Redshift access controls to limit access.

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Questions 59

A company has applications hosted on Amazon EC2 instances with IPv6 addresses. The applications must initiate communications with other external applications using the internet.

However, the company’s security policy states that any external service cannot initiate a connection to the EC2 instances.

What should a solutions architect recommend to resolve this issue?

Options:

A.

Create a NAT gateway and make it the destination of the subnet's route table.

B.

Create an internet gateway and make it the destination of the subnet's route table

C.

Create a virtual private gateway and make it the destination of the subnet's route table.

D.

Create an egress-only internet gateway and make it the destination of the subnet's route table.

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Questions 60

An ecommerce company is running a seasonal online sale. The company hosts its website on Amazon EC2 instances spanning multiple Availability Zones. The company wants its website to manage sudden traffic increases during the sale.

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Create an Auto Scaling group that is large enough to handle peak traffic load. Stop half of the Amazon EC2 instances. Configure the Auto Scaling group to use the stopped instances to scale out when traffic increases.

B.

Create an Auto Scaling group for the website. Set the minimum size of the Auto Scaling group so that it can handle high traffic volumes without the need to scale out.

C.

Use Amazon CIoudFront and Amazon ElastiCache to cache dynamic content with an Auto Scaling group set as the origin. Configure the Auto Scaling group with the instances necessary to populate CIoudFront and ElastiCache. Scale in after the cache is fully populated.

D.

Configure an Auto Scaling group to scale out as traffic increases. Create a launch template to start new instances from a preconfigured Amazon Machine Image (AMI).

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Questions 61

A company needs to store contract documents. A contract lasts for 5 years. During the 5-year period, the company must ensure that the documents cannot be overwritten or deleted. The company needs to encrypt the documents at rest and rotate the encryption keys automatically every year.

Which combination of steps should a solutions architect take to meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Store the documents in Amazon S3. Use S3 Object Lock in governance mode.

B.

Store the documents in Amazon S3. Use S3 Object Lock in compliance mode.

C.

Use server-side encryption with Amazon S3 managed encryption keys (SSE-S3). Configure key rotation.

D.

Use server-side encryption with AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) customer managed keys. Configure key rotation.

E.

Use server-side encryption with AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) customer provided (imported) keys. Configure key rotation.

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Questions 62

An ecommerce company wants a disaster recovery solution for its Amazon RDS DB instances that run Microsoft SQL Server Enterprise Edition. The company's current recovery point objective (RPO) and recovery time objective (RTO) are 24 hours.

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Create a cross-Region read replica and promote the read replica to the primary instance

B.

Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) to create RDS cross-Region replication.

C.

Use cross-Region replication every 24 hours to copy native backups to an Amazon S3 bucket

D.

Copy automatic snapshots to another Region every 24 hours.

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Questions 63

A company manages its own Amazon EC2 instances that run MySQL databases. The company is manually managing replication and scaling as demand increases or decreases. The company needs a new solution that simplifies the process of adding or removing compute capacity to or from its database tier as needed. The solution also must offer improved performance, scaling, and durability with minimal effort from operations.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Migrate the databases to Amazon Aurora Serverless for Aurora MySQL.

B.

Migrate the databases to Amazon Aurora Serverless for Aurora PostgreSQL.

C.

Combine the databases into one larger MySQL database. Run the larger database on larger EC2 instances.

D.

Create an EC2 Auto Scaling group for the database tier. Migrate the existing databases to the new environment.

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Questions 64

A company is migrating five on-premises applications to VPCs in the AWS Cloud. Each application is currently deployed in isolated virtual networks on premises and should be deployed similarly in the AWS Cloud. The applications need to reach a shared services VPC. All the applications must be able to communicate with each other.

If the migration is successful, the company will repeat the migration process for more than 100 applications.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST administrative overhead?

Options:

A.

Deploy software VPN tunnels between the application VPCs and the shared services VPC. Add routes between the application VPCs in their subnets to the shared services VPC.

B.

Deploy VPC peering connections between the application VPCs and the shared services VPC. Add routes between the application VPCs in their subnets to the shared services VPC through the peering connection.

C.

Deploy an AWS Direct Connect connection between the application VPCs and the shared services VPC. Add routes from the application VPCs in their subnets to the shared services VPC and the applications VPCs. Add routes from the shared services VPC subnets to the applications VPCs.

D.

Deploy a transit gateway with associations between the transit gateway and the application VPCs and the shared services VPC Add routes between the application VPCs in their subnets and the application VPCs to the shared services VPC through the transit gateway.

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Questions 65

An ecommerce company is migrating its on-premises workload to the AWS Cloud. The workload currently consists of a web application and a backend Microsoft SQL database for storage.

The company expects a high volume of customers during a promotional event. The new infrastructure in the AWS Cloud must be highly available and scalable.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST administrative overhead?

Options:

A.

Migrate the web application to two Amazon EC2 instances across two Availability Zones behind an Application Load Balancer. Migrate the database to Amazon RDS for Microsoft SQL Server with read replicas in both Availability Zones.

B.

Migrate the web application to an Amazon EC2 instance that runs in an Auto Scaling group across two Availability Zones behind an Application Load Balancer. Migrate the database to two EC2 instances across separate AWS Regions with database replication.

C.

Migrate the web application to Amazon EC2 instances that run in an Auto Scaling group across two Availability Zones behind an Application Load Balancer. Migrate the database to Amazon RDS with Multi-AZ deployment.

D.

Migrate the web application to three Amazon EC2 instances across three Availability Zones behind an Application Load Balancer. Migrate the database to three EC2 instances across three Availability Zones.

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Questions 66

A company's application is deployed on Amazon EC2 instances and uses AWS Lambda functions for an event-driven architecture. The company uses nonproduction development environments in a different AWS account to test new features before the company deploys the features to production.

The production instances show constant usage because of customers in different time zones. The company uses nonproduction instances only during business hours on weekdays. The company does not use the nonproduction instances on the weekends. The company wants to optimize the costs to run its application on AWS.

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Use On-Demand Instances (or the production instances. Use Dedicated Hosts for the nonproduction instances on weekends only.

B.

Use Reserved instances for the production instances and the nonproduction instances Shut down the nonproduction instances when not in use.

C.

Use Compute Savings Plans for the production instances. Use On-Demand Instances for the nonproduction instances Shut down the nonproduction instances when not in use.

D.

Use Dedicated Hosts for the production instances. Use EC2 Instance Savings Plans for the nonproduction instances.

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Questions 67

A company has an application that runs on Amazon EC2 instances in a private subnet The application needs to process sensitive information from an Amazon S3 bucket The application must not use the internet to connect to the S3 bucket.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure an internet gateway. Update the S3 bucket policy to allow access from the internet gateway Update the application to use the new internet gateway

B.

Configure a VPN connection. Update the S3 bucket policy to allow access from the VPN connection. Update the application to use the new VPN connection.

C.

Configure a NAT gateway. Update the S3 bucket policy to allow access from the NAT gateway. Update the application to use the new NAT gateway.

D.

Configure a VPC endpoint. Update the S3 bucket policy to allow access from the VPC endpoint. Update the application to use the new VPC endpoint.

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Questions 68

An online gaming company hosts its platform on Amazon EC2 instances behind Network Load Balancers (NLBs) across multiple AWS Regions. The NLBs can route requests to targets over the internet. The company wants to improve the customer playing experience by reducing end-to-end load time for its global customer base.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create Application Load Balancers (ALBs) in each Region to replace the existing NLBs. Register the existing EC2 instances as targets for the ALBs in each Region.

B.

Configure Amazon Route 53 to route equally weighted traffic to the NLBs in each Region.

C.

Create additional NLBs and EC2 instances in other Regions where the company has large customer bases.

D.

Create a standard accelerator in AWS Global Accelerator. Configure the existing NLBs as target endpoints.

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Questions 69

A solutions architect is designing an application that helps users fill out and submit registration forms. The solutions architect plans to use a two-tier architecture that includes a web application server tier and a worker tier.

The application needs to process submitted forms quickly. The application needs to process each form exactly once. The solution must ensure that no data is lost.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use an Amazon Simple Queue Service {Amazon SQS) FIFO queue between the web application server tier and the worker tier to store and forward form data.

B.

Use an Amazon API Gateway HTTP API between the web application server tier and the worker tier to store and forward form data.

C.

Use an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) standard queue between the web application server tier and the worker tier to store and forward form data.

D.

Use an AWS Step Functions workflow. Create a synchronous workflow between the web application server tier and the worker tier that stores and forwards form data.

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Questions 70

A company uses an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group to host an API. The EC2 instances are in a target group that is associated with an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The company stores data in an Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL database.

The API has a weekly maintenance window. The company must ensure that the API returns a static maintenance response during the weekly maintenance window.

Which solution will meet this requirement with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Create a table in Aurora PostgreSQL that has fields to contain keys and values. Create a key for a maintenance flag. Set the flag when the maintenance window starts. Configure the API to query the table for the maintenance flag and to return a maintenance response if the flag is set. Reset the flag when the maintenance window is finished.

B.

Create an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue. Subscribe the EC2 instances to the queue. Publish a message to the queue when the maintenance window starts. Configure the API to return a maintenance message if the instances receive a maintenance start message from the queue. Publish another message to the queue when the maintenance window is finished to restore normal operation.

C.

Create a listener rule on the ALB to return a maintenance response when the path on a request matches a wildcard. Set the rule priority to one. Perform the maintenance. When the maintenance window is finished, delete the listener rule.

D.

Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic Subscribe the EC2 instances to the topic Publish a message to the topic when the maintenance window starts. Configure the API to return a maintenance response if the instances receive the maintenance start message from the topic. Publish another message to the topic when the maintenance window finshes to restore normal operation.

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Questions 71

A company recently launched a new application for its customers. The application runs on multiple Amazon EC2 instances across two Availability Zones. End users use TCP to communicate with the application.

The application must be highly available and must automatically scale as the number of users increases.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Add a Network Load Balancer in front of the EC2 instances.

B.

Configure an Auto Scaling group for the EC2 instances.

C.

Add an Application Load Balancer in front of the EC2 instances.

D.

Manually add more EC2 instances for the application.

E.

Add a Gateway Load Balancer in front of the EC2 instances.

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Questions 72

A company uses Amazon EC2 instances and Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) to run its self-managed database The company has 350 TB of data spread across all EBS volumes. The company takes daily EBS snapshots and keeps the snapshots for 1 month. The dally change rate is 5% of the EBS volumes.

Because of new regulations, the company needs to keep the monthly snapshots for 7 years. The company needs to change its backup strategy to comply with the new regulations and to ensure that data is available with minimal administrative effort.

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Keep the daily snapshot in the EBS snapshot standard tier for 1 month Copy the monthly snapshot to Amazon S3 Glacier Deep Archive with a 7-year retention

period.

B.

Continue with the current EBS snapshot policy. Add a new policy to move the monthly snapshot to Amazon EBS Snapshots Archive with a 7-year retention period.

C.

Keep the daily snapshot in the EBS snapshot standard tier for 1 month Keep the monthly snapshot in the standard tier for 7 years Use incremental snapshots.

D.

Keep the daily snapshot in the EBS snapshot standard tier. Use EBS direct APIs to take snapshots of all the EBS volumes every month. Store the snapshots in an Amazon S3 bucket in the Infrequent Access tier for 7 years.

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Questions 73

A company has two AWS accounts: Production and Development. The company needs to push code changes in the Development account to the Production account. In the alpha phase, only two senior developers on the development team need access to the Production account. In the beta phase, more developers will need access to perform testing.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create two policy documents by using the AWS Management Console in each account. Assign the policy to developers who need access.

B.

Create an 1AM role in the Development account Grant the 1AM role access to the Production account. Allow developers to assume the role

C.

Create an IAM role in the Production account. Define a trust policy that specifies the Development account Allow developers to assume the role

D.

Create an IAM group in the Production account. Add the group as a principal in a trust policy that specifies the Production account. Add developers to the group.

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Questions 74

A company runs an application that uses Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL The application receives traffic only on weekdays during business hours The company wants to optimize costs and reduce operational overhead based on this usage.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use the Instance Scheduler on AWS to configure start and stop schedules.

B.

Turn off automatic backups. Create weekly manual snapshots of the database.

C.

Create a custom AWS Lambda function to start and stop the database based on minimum CPU utilization.

D.

Purchase All Upfront reserved DB instances

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Questions 75

A company has a web application that has thousands of users. The application uses 8-10 user-uploaded images to generate Al images. Users can download the generated Al Images once every 6 hours. The company also has a premium user option that gives users the ability to download the generated Al images anytime

The company uses the user-uploaded images to run Al model training twice a year. The company needs a storage solution to store the images.

Which storage solution meets these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Move uploaded images to Amazon S3 Glacier Deep Archive. Move premium user-generated Al images to S3 Standard. Move non-premium user-generated Al images to S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA).

B.

Move uploaded images to Amazon S3 Glacier Deep Archive. Move all generated Al images to S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval.

C.

Move uploaded images to Amazon S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access {S3 One Zone-IA) Move premium user-generated Al images to S3 Standard. Move non-premium user-generated Al images to S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA).

D.

Move uploaded images to Amazon S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access {S3 One Zone-IA) Move all generated Al images to S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval

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Questions 76

A company is building a cloud-based application on AWS that will handle sensitive customer data. The application uses Amazon RDS for the database. Amazon S3 for object storage, and S3 Event Notifications that invoke AWS Lambda for serverless processing.

The company uses AWS 1AM Identity Center to manage user credentials. The development, testing, and operations teams need secure access to Amazon RDS and Amazon S3 while ensuring the confidentiality of sensitive customer data. The solution must comply with the principle of least privilege.

Which solution meets these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Use 1AM roles with least privilege to grant all the teams access. Assign 1AM roles to each team with customized 1AM policies defining specific permission for Amazon RDS and S3 object access based on team responsibilities.

B.

Enable 1AM Identity Center with an Identity Center directory. Create and configure permission sets with granular access to Amazon RDS and Amazon S3. Assign all the teams to groups that have specific access with the permission sets.

C.

Create individual 1AM users for each member in all the teams with role-based permissions. Assign the 1AM roles with predefined policies for RDS and S3 access to each user based on user needs. Implement 1AM Access Analyzer for periodic credential evaluation.

D.

Use AWS Organizations to create separate accounts for each team. Implement cross-account 1AM roles with least privilege Grant specific permission for RDS and S3 access based on team roles and responsibilities.

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Questions 77

A company is migrating its workloads to AWS. The company has sensitive and critical data in on-premises relational databases that run on SQL Server instances. The company wants to use the AWS Cloud to increase security and reduce operational overhead for the databases. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Migrate the databases to Amazon EC2 instances. Use an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) AWS managed key for encryption.

B.

Migrate the databases to a Multi-AZ Amazon RDS for SQL Server DB instance Use an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) AWS managed key for encryption.

C.

Migrate the data to an Amazon S3 bucket Use Amazon Macie to ensure data security

D.

Migrate the databases to an Amazon DynamoDB table. Use Amazon CloudWatch Logs to ensure data security

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Questions 78

A solutions architect is designing an asynchronous application to process credit card data validation requests for a bank. The application must be secure and be able to process each request at least once.

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Use AWS Lambda event source mapping. Set Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) standard queues as the event source. Use AWS Key

Management Service (SSE-KMS) for encryption. Add the kms:Decrypt permission for the Lambda execution role.

B.

Use AWS Lambda event source mapping. Use Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) FIFO queues as the event source. Use SQS managed encryption keys (SSE-SQS) for encryption. Add the encryption key invocation permission for the Lambda function.

C.

Use the AWS Lambda event source mapping. Set Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) FIFO queues as the event source. Use AWS KMS keys (SSE-KMS). Add the kms:Decrypt permission for the Lambda execution role.

D.

Use the AWS Lambda event source mapping. Set Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) standard queues as the event source. Use AWS KMS keys (SSE-KMS) for encryption. Add the encryption key invocation permission for the Lambda function.

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Questions 79

A company wants to build a logging solution for its multiple AWS accounts. The company currently stores the logs from all accounts in a centralized account. The company has created an Amazon S3 bucket in the centralized account to store the VPC flow logs and AWS CloudTrail logs. All logs must be highly available for 30 days for frequent analysis, retained tor an additional 60 days tor backup purposes, and deleted 90 days after creation.

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Transition objects to the S3 Standard storage class 30 days after creation. Write an expiration action that directs Amazon S3 to delete objects after 90 days.

B.

Transition objects lo the S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) storage class 30 days after creation Move all objects to the S3 Glacier Flexible

Retrieval storage class after 90 days. Write an expiration action that directs Amazon S3 to delete objects after 90 days.

C.

Transition objects to the S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval storage class 30 days after creation. Write an expiration action that directs Amazon S3 to delete objects alter 90 days.

D.

Transition objects to the S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA) storage class 30 days after creation. Move all objects to the S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval storage class after 90 days. Write an expiration action that directs Amazon S3 to delete objects after 90 days.

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Questions 80

A company is creating a prototype of an ecommerce website on AWS. The website consists of an Application Load Balancer, an Auto Scaling group of Amazon EC2 instances for web servers, and an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance that runs with the Single-AZ configuration.

The website is slow to respond during searches of the product catalog. The product catalog is a group of tables in the MySQL database that the company does not ate frequently. A solutions architect has determined that the CPU utilization on the DB instance is high when product catalog searches occur.

What should the solutions architect recommend to improve the performance of the website during searches of the product catalog?

Options:

A.

Migrate the product catalog to an Amazon Redshift database. Use the COPY command to load the product catalog tables.

B.

Implement an Amazon ElastiCache for Redis cluster to cache the product catalog. Use lazy loading to populate the cache.

C.

Add an additional scaling policy to the Auto Scaling group to launch additional EC2 instances when database response is slow.

D.

Turn on the Multi-AZ configuration for the DB instance. Configure the EC2 instances to throttle the product catalog queries that are sent to the database.

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Questions 81

A company has multiple Amazon RDS DB instances that run in a development AWS account. All the instances have tags to identify them as development resources. The company needs the development DB instances to run on a schedule only during business hours.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm to identify RDS instances that need to be stopped Create an AWS Lambda function to start and stop the RDS instances.

B.

Create an AWS Trusted Advisor report to identify RDS instances to be started and stopped. Create an AWS Lambda function to start and stop the RDS instances.

C.

Create AWS Systems Manager State Manager associations to start and stop the RDS instances.

D.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that invokes AWS Lambda functions to start and stop the RDS instances.

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Questions 82

A company has separate AWS accounts for its finance, data analytics, and development departments. Because of costs and security concerns, the company wants to control which services each AWS account can use

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Use AWS Systems Manager templates to control which AWS services each department can use

B.

Create organization units (OUs) for each department in AWS Organizations. Attach service control policies (SCPs) to the OUs.

C.

Use AWS CloudFormation to automatically provision only the AWS services that each department can use.

D.

Set up a list of products in AWS Service Catalog in the AWS accounts to manage and control the usage of specific AWS services

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Questions 83

A social media company wants to store its database of user profiles, relationships, and interactions in the AWS Cloud. The company needs an application to monitor any changes in the database. The application needs to analyze the relationships between the data entities and to provide recommendations to users.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Use Amazon Neptune to store the information. Use Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to process changes in the database.

B.

Use Amazon Neptune to store the information. Use Neptune Streams to process changes in the database.

C.

Use Amazon Quantum Ledger Database (Amazon QLDB) to store the information. Use Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to process changes in the database.

D.

Use Amazon Quantum Ledger Database (Amazon QLDB) to store the information. Use Neptune Streams to process changes in the database.

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Questions 84

A company wants to standardize its Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume encryption strategy. The company also wants to minimize the cost and configuration effort required to operate the volume encryption check.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Write API calls to describe the EBS volumes and to confirm the EBS volumes are encrypted. Use Amazon EventBridge to schedule an AWS Lambda function to run the API calls.

B.

Write API calls to describe the EBS volumes and to confirm the EBS volumes are encrypted. Run the API calls on an AWS Fargate task.

C.

Create an AWS Identity and Access Management (1AM) policy that requires the use of tags on EBS volumes. Use AWS Cost Explorer to display resources that are not properly tagged. Encrypt the untagged resources manually.

D.

Create an AWS Config rule for Amazon EBS to evaluate if a volume is encrypted and to flag the volume if it is not encrypted.

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Questions 85

A company has a large data workload that runs for 6 hours each day. The company cannot lose any data while the process is running. A solutions architect is designing an Amazon EMR cluster configuration to support this critical data workload.

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Configure a long-running cluster that runs the primary node and core nodes on On-Demand Instances and the task nodes on Spot Instances.

B.

Configure a transient cluster that runs the primary node and core nodes on On-Demand Instances and the task nodes on Spot Instances.

C.

Configure a transient cluster that runs the primary node on an On-Demand Instance and the core nodes and task nodes on Spot Instances.

D.

Configure a long-running cluster that runs the primary node on an On-Demand Instance, the core nodes on Spot Instances, and the task nodes on Spot Instances.

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Questions 86

A company has migrated a fleet of hundreds of on-premises virtual machines (VMs) to Amazon EC2 instances. The instances run a diverse fleet of Windows Server versions along with several Linux distributions. The company wants a solution that will automate inventory and updates of the operating systems. The company also needs a summary of common vulnerabilities of each instance for regular monthly reviews.

What should a solutions architect recommend to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Set up AWS Systems Manager Patch Manager to manage all the EC2 instances. Configure AWS Security Hub to produce monthly reports.

B.

Set up AWS Systems Manager Patch Manager to manage all the EC2 instances Deploy Amazon Inspector, and configure monthly reports

C.

Set up AWS Shield Advanced, and configure monthly reports Deploy AWS Config to automate patch installations on the EC2 instances

D.

Set up Amazon GuardDuty in the account to monitor all EC2 instances Deploy AWS Config to automate patch installations on the EC2 instances.

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Questions 87

A company runs a self-managed Microsoft SOL Server on Amazon EC2 instances and Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS). Daily snapshots are taken of the EBS volumes.

Recently, all the company's EBS snapshots were accidentally deleted while running a snapshot cleaning script that deletes all expired EBS snapshots. A solutions architect needs to update the architecture to prevent data loss without retaining EBS snapshots indefinitely.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST development effort?

Options:

A.

Change the 1AM policy of the user to deny EBS snapshot deletion.

B.

Copy the EBS snapshots to another AWS Region after completing the snapshots daily.

C.

Create a 7-day EBS snapshot retention rule in Recycle Bin and apply the rule for all snapshots.

D.

Copy EBS snapshots to Amazon S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA).

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Questions 88

A company has an application that runs on an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) cluster on Amazon EC2 instances. The application has a U1 that uses Amazon DynamoDB and data services that use Amazon S3 as part of the application deployment.

The company must ensure that the EKS Pods for the U1 can access only Amazon DynamoDB and that the EKS Pods for the data services can access only Amazon S3. The company uses AWS Identity and Access Management |IAM).

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create separate 1AM policies (or Amazon S3 and DynamoDB access with the required permissions. Attach both 1AM policies to the EC2 instance profile. Use role-based access control (RBAC) to control access to Amazon S3 or DynamoDB (or the respective EKS Pods.

B.

Create separate 1AM policies (or Amazon S3 and DynamoDB access with the required permissions. Attach the Amazon S3 1AM policy directly to the EKS Pods (or the data services and the DynamoDB policy to the EKS Pods for the U1.

C.

Create separate Kubernetes service accounts for the U1 and data services to assume an 1AM role. Attach the Amazon S3 Full Access policy to the data services account and the AmazonDynamoDBFullAccess policy to the U1 service account.

D.

Create separate Kubernetes service accounts for the U1 and data services to assume an 1AM role. Use 1AM Role for Service Accounts (IRSA) to provide access to the EKS Pods for the U1 to Amazon S3 and the EKS Pods for the data services to DynamoDB.

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Questions 89

A company runs a production database on Amazon RDS for MySQL. The company wants to upgrade the database version for security compliance reasons. Because the database contains critical data, the company wants a quick solution to upgrade and test functionality without losing any data.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Create an RDS manual snapshot. Upgrade to the new version of Amazon RDS for MySQL.

B.

Use native backup and restore. Restore the data to the upgraded new version of Amazon RDS for MySQL.

C.

Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) to replicate the data to the upgraded new version of Amazon RDS for MySQL.

D.

Use Amazon RDS Blue/Green Deployments to deploy and test production changes.

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Questions 90

A company's solutions architect is designing an AWS multi-account solution that uses AWS Organizations. The solutions architect has organized the company's accounts into organizational units (OUs).

The solutions architect needs a solution that will identify any changes to the OU hierarchy. The solution also needs to notify the company's operations team of any changes.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Provision the AWS accounts by using AWS Control Tower. Use account drift notifications to Identify the changes to the OU hierarchy.

B.

Provision the AWS accounts by using AWS Control Tower. Use AWS Config aggregated rules to identify the changes to the OU hierarchy.

C.

Use AWS Service Catalog to create accounts in Organizations. Use an AWS CloudTrail organization trail to identify the changes to the OU hierarchy.

D.

Use AWS CloudFormation templates to create accounts in Organizations. Use the drift detection operation on a stack to identify the changes to the OU

hierarchy.

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Questions 91

A company has customers located across the world. The company wants to use automation to secure its systems and network infrastructure The company's security team must be able to track and audit all incremental changes to the infrastructure.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use AWS Organizations to set up the infrastructure. Use AWS Config to track changes

B.

Use AWS Cloud Formation to set up the infrastructure. Use AWS Config to track changes.

C.

Use AWS Organizations to set up the infrastructure. Use AWS Service Catalog to track changes.

D.

Use AWS Cloud Formation to set up the infrastructure. Use AWS Service Catalog to track changes.

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Questions 92

An ecommerce company runs several internal applications in multiple AWS accounts. The company uses AWS Organizations to manage its AWS accounts.

A security appliance in the company's networking account must inspect interactions between applications across AWS accounts.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Deploy a Network Load Balancer (NLB) in the networking account to send traffic to the security appliance. Configure the application accounts to send traffic to the NLB by using an interface VPC endpoint in the application accounts

B.

Deploy an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in the application accounts to send traffic directly to the security appliance.

C.

Deploy a Gateway Load Balancer (GWLB) in the networking account to send traffic to the security appliance. Configure the application accounts to send traffic to the GWLB by using an interface GWLB endpoint in the application accounts

D.

Deploy an interface VPC endpoint in the application accounts to send traffic directly to the security appliance.

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Questions 93

A company has a static website that is hosted on Amazon CloudFront in front of Amazon S3. The static website uses a database backend. The company notices that the website does not reflect updates that have been made in the website's Git repository. The company checks the continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) pipeline between the Git repository and Amazon S3. The company verifies that the webhooks are configured properly and that the CI/CD pipeline Is sending messages that indicate successful deployments.

A solutions architect needs to implement a solution that displays the updates on the website.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Add an Application Load Balancer.

B.

Add Amazon ElastiCache for Redis or Memcached to the database layer of the web application.

C.

Invalidate the CloudFront cache.

D.

Use AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) to validate the website's SSL certificate.

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Questions 94

A solutions architect needs to connect a company's corporate network to its VPC to allow on-premises access to its AWS resources. The solution must provide encryption of all traffic between the corporate network and the VPC at the network layer and the session layer. The solution also must provide security controls to prevent unrestricted access between AWS and the on-premises systems.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure AWS Direct Connect to connect to the VPC. Configure the VPC route tables to allow and deny traffic between AWS and on premises as required.

B.

Create an 1AM policy to allow access to the AWS Management Console only from a defined set of corporate IP addresses Restrict user access based on job responsibility by using an 1AM policy and roles

C.

Configure AWS Site-to-Site VPN to connect to the VPC. Configure route table entries to direct traffic from on premises to the VPC. Configure instance security groups and network ACLs to allow only required traffic from on premises.

D.

Configure AWS Transit Gateway to connect to the VPC. Configure route table entries to direct traffic from on premises to the VPC. Configure instance security groups and network ACLs to allow only required traffic from on premises.

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Questions 95

A digital image processing company wants to migrate its on-premises monolithic application to the AWS Cloud. The company processes thousands of images and generates large files as part of the processing workflow.

The company needs a solution to manage the growing number of image processing jobs. The solution must also reduce the manual tasks in the image processing workflow. The company does not want to manage the underlying infrastructure of the solution.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Use Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) with Amazon EC2 Spot Instances to process the images. Configure Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) to orchestrate the workflow. Store the processed files in Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS)

B.

Use AWS Batch jobs to process the images. Use AWS Step Functions to orchestrate the workflow. Store the processed files in an Amazon S3 bucket.

C.

Use AWS Lambda functions and Amazon EC2 Spot Instances lo process the images. Store the processed files in Amazon FSx.

D.

Deploy a group of Amazon EC2 instances to process the images. Use AWS Step Functions to orchestrate the workflow. Store the processed files in an Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume.

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Questions 96

A company is building a new furniture inventory application. The company has deployed the application on a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones. The EC2 instances run behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in their VPC.

A solutions architect has observed that incoming traffic seems to favor one EC2 instance, resulting in latency for some requests.

What should the solutions architect do to resolve this issue?

Options:

A.

Disable session affinity (sticky sessions) on the ALB.

B.

Replace the ALB with a Network Load Balancer.

C.

Increase the number of EC2 instances in each Availability Zone.

D.

Adjust the frequency of the health checks on the ALB's target group.

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Questions 97

An online gaming company is transitioning user data storage to Amazon DynamoDB to support the company's growing user base. The current architecture includes DynamoDB tables that contain user profiles, achievements, and in-game transactions.

The company needs to design a robust, continuously available, and resilient DynamoDB architecture to maintain a seamless gaming experience for users.

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Create DynamoDB tables in a single AWS Region. Use on-demand capacity mode. Use global tables to replicate data across multiple Regions.

B.

Use DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) to cache frequently accessed data. Deploy tables in a single AWS Region and enable auto scaling. Configure Cross-Region Replication manually to additional Regions.

C.

Create DynamoDB tables in multiple AWS Regions. Use on-demand capacity mode. Use DynamoDB Streams for Cross-Region Replication between Regions.

D.

Use DynamoDB global tables for automatic multi-Region replication. Deploy tables in multiple AWS Regions. Use provisioned capacity mode. Enable auto scaling.

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Questions 98

A weather forecasting company needs to process hundreds of gigabytes of data with sub-millisecond latency. The company has a high performance computing (HPC) environment in its data center and wants to expand its forecasting capabilities.

A solutions architect must identify a highly available cloud storage solution that can handle large amounts of sustained throughput Files that are stored in the solution should be accessible to thousands of compute instances that will simultaneously access and process the entire dataset.

What should the solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use Amazon FSx for Lustre scratch file systems

B.

Use Amazon FSx for Lustre persistent file systems.

C.

Use Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) with Bursting Throughput mode.

D.

Use Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) with Provisioned Throughput mode.

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Questions 99

A company has applications that run in an organization in AWS Organizations. The company outsources operational support of the applications. The company needs to provide access for the external support engineers without compromising security.

The external support engineers need access to the AWS Management Console. The external support engineers also need operating system access to the company's fleet of Amazon EC2 instances that run Amazon Linux in private subnets.

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST securely?

Options:

A.

Confirm that AWS Systems Manager Agent (SSM Agent) is installed on all instances. Assign an instance profile with the necessary policy to connect to Systems Manager. Use AWS 1AM Identity Center to provide the external support engineers console access. Use Systems Manager Session Manager to assign the required permissions.

B.

Confirm that AWS Systems Manager Agent {SSM Agent) is installed on all instances. Assign an instance profile with the necessary policy to connect to Systems Manager. Use Systems Manager Session Manager to provide local 1AM user credentials in each AWS account to the external support engineers for console access.

C.

Confirm that all instances have a security group that allows SSH access only from the external support engineers source IP address ranges. Provide local 1AM user credentials in each AWS account to the external support engineers for console access. Provide each external support engineer an SSH key pair to log in to the application instances.

D.

Create a bastion host in a public subnet. Set up the bastion host security group to allow access from only the external engineers' IP address ranges Ensure that all instances have a security group that allows SSH access from the bastion host. Provide each external support engineer an SSH key pair to log in to the application instances. Provide local account 1AM user credentials to the engineers for console access.

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Questions 100

A company has applications that run on Amazon EC2 instances in a VPC One of the applications needs to call the Amazon S3 API to store and read objects. According to the company's security regulations, no traffic from the applications is allowed to travel across the internet.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure an S3 gateway endpoint.

B.

Create an S3 bucket in a private subnet.

C.

Create an S3 bucket in the same AWS Region as the EC2 instances.

D.

Configure a NAT gateway in the same subnet as the EC2 instances

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Questions 101

A company runs an AWS Lambda function in private subnets in a VPC. The subnets have a default route to the internet through an Amazon EC2 NAT instance. The Lambda function processes input data and saves its output as an object to Amazon S3.

Intermittently, the Lambda function times out while trying to upload the object because of saturated traffic on the NAT instance's network The company wants to access Amazon S3 without traversing the internet.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Replace the EC2 NAT instance with an AWS managed NAT gateway.

B.

Increase the size of the EC2 NAT instance in the VPC to a network optimized instance type

C.

Provision a gateway endpoint for Amazon S3 in the VPC. Update the route tables of the subnets accordingly.

D.

Provision a transit gateway. Place transit gateway attachments in the private subnets where the Lambda function is running.

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Questions 102

A company runs a Node.js function on a server in its on-premises data center. The data center stores data in a PostgreSQL database. The company stores the credentials in a connection string in an environment variable on the server. The company wants to migrate its application to AWS and to replace the Node.js application server with AWS Lambda. The company also wants to migrate to Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL and to ensure that the database credentials are securely managed.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Store the database credentials as a parameter in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store. Configure Parameter Store to automatically rotate the secrets every 30 days. Update the Lambda function to retrieve the credentials from the parameter.

B.

Store the database credentials as a secret in AWS Secrets Manager. Configure Secrets Manager to automatically rotate the credentials every 30 days Update the Lambda function to retrieve the credentials from the secret.

C.

Store the database credentials as an encrypted Lambda environment variable. Write a custom Lambda function to rotate the credentials. Schedule the Lambda function to run every 30 days.

D.

Store the database credentials as a key in AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS). Configure automatic rotation for the key. Update the Lambda function to retrieve the credentials from the KMS key.

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Questions 103

A company uses an Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL provisioned cluster with its application. The application's peak traffic occurs several times a day for periods of 30 minutes to several hours.

The database capacity is provisioned to handle peak traffic from the application, but the database has wasted capacity during non-peak hours. The company wants to reduce the database costs.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational effort?

Options:

A.

Set up an Amazon CloudWatch alarm to monitor database utilization. Scale up or scale down the database capacity based on the amount of traffic.

B.

Migrate the database to Amazon EC2 instances in on Auto Scaling group. Increase or decrease the number of instances based on the amount of traffic.

C.

Migrate the database to an Amazon Aurora Serverless DB cluster to scale up or scale down the capacity based on the amount of traffic.

D.

Schedule an AWS Lambda function to provision the required database capacity at the start of each day. Schedule another Lambda function to reduce the capacity at the end of each day.

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Questions 104

A company hosts more than 300 global websites and applications. The company requires a platform to analyze more than 30 TB of clickstream data each day.

What should a solutions architect do to transmit and process the clickstream data?

Options:

A.

Design an AWS Data Pipeline to archive the data to an Amazon S3 bucket and run an Amazon EMR duster with the data to generate analytics

B.

Create an Auto Scaling group of Amazon EC2 instances to process the data and send it to an Amazon S3 data lake for Amazon Redshift to use tor analysis

C.

Cache the data to Amazon CloudFron: Store the data in an Amazon S3 bucket When an object is added to the S3 bucket, run an AWS Lambda function to process the data tor analysis.

D.

Collect the data from Amazon Kinesis Data Streams. Use Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose to transmit the data to an Amazon S3 data lake Load the data in Amazon Redshift for analysis

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Questions 105

A company runs an on-premises application that is powered by a MySQL database The company is migrating the application to AWS to Increase the application's elasticity and availability

The current architecture shows heavy read activity on the database during times of normal operation Every 4 hours the company's development team pulls a full export of the production database to populate a database in the staging environment During this period, users experience unacceptable application latency The development team is unable to use the staging environment until the procedure completes

A solutions architect must recommend replacement architecture that alleviates the application latency issue The replacement architecture also must give the development team the ability to continue using the staging environment without delay

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use Amazon Aurora MySQL with Multi-AZ Aurora Replicas for production. Populate the staging database by implementing a backup and restore process that uses the mysqldump utility.

B.

Use Amazon Aurora MySQL with Multi-AZ Aurora Replicas for production Use database cloning to create the staging database on-demand

C.

Use Amazon RDS for MySQL with a Mufti AZ deployment and read replicas for production Use the standby instance tor the staging database.

D.

Use Amazon RDS for MySQL with a Multi-AZ deployment and read replicas for production. Populate the staging database by implementing a backup and restore process that uses the mysqldump utility.

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Questions 106

A media company has a multi-account AWS environment in the us-east-1 Region. The company has an Amazon Simple Notification Service {Amazon SNS) topic in a production account that publishes performance metrics. The company has an AWS Lambda function in an administrator account to process and analyze log data.

The Lambda function that is in the administrator account must be invoked by messages from the SNS topic that is in the production account when significant metrics tM* reported.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Create an IAM resource policy for the Lambda function that allows Amazon SNS to invoke the function. Implement an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue in the administrator account to buffer messages from the SNS topic that is in the production account. Configure the SOS queue to invoke the Lambda function.

B.

Create an IAM policy for the SNS topic that allows the Lambda function to subscribe to the topic.

C.

Use an Amazon EventBridge rule in the production account to capture the SNS topic notifications. Configure the EventBridge rule to forward notifications to the Lambda function that is in the administrator account.

D.

Store performance metrics in an Amazon S3 bucket in the production account. Use Amazon Athena to analyze the metrics from the administrator account.

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Questions 107

A company wants to migrate an on-premises data center to AWS. The data canter hosts an SFTP server that stores its data on an NFS-based file system. The server holds 200 GB of data that needs to be transferred. The server must be hosted on an Amazon EC2 instance that uses an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system

When combination of steps should a solutions architect take to automate this task? (Select TWO )

Options:

A.

Launch the EC2 instance into the same Avalability Zone as the EFS fie system

B.

install an AWS DataSync agent m the on-premises data center

C.

Create a secondary Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume on the EC2 instance tor the data

D.

Manually use an operating system copy command to push the data to the EC2 instance

E.

Use AWS DataSync to create a suitable location configuration for the onprermises SFTP server

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Questions 108

A company has a three-tier web application that is deployed on AWS. The web servers are deployed in a public subnet in a VPC. The application servers and database servers are deployed in private subnets in the same VPC. The company has deployed a third-party virtual firewall appliance from AWS Marketplace in an inspection VPC. The appliance is configured with an IP interface that can accept IP packets.

A solutions architect needs to Integrate the web application with the appliance to inspect all traffic to the application before the traffic teaches the web server. Which solution will moot these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Create a Network Load Balancer the public subnet of the application's VPC to route the traffic lo the appliance for packet inspection

B.

Create an Application Load Balancer in the public subnet of the application's VPC to route the traffic to the appliance for packet inspection

C.

Deploy a transit gateway m the inspection VPC Configure route tables to route the incoming pockets through the transit gateway

D.

Deploy a Gateway Load Balancer in the inspection VPC Create a Gateway Load Balancer endpoint to receive the incoming packets and forward the packets to the appliance

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Questions 109

A company is planning to use an Amazon DynamoDB table for data storage. The company is concerned about cost optimization. The table will not be used on most mornings. In the evenings, the read and write traffic will often be unpredictable. When traffic spikes occur, they will happen very quickly.

What should a solutions architect recommend?

Options:

A.

Create a DynamoDB table in on-demand capacity mode.

B.

Create a DynamoDB table with a global secondary index.

C.

Create a DynamoDB table with provisioned capacity and auto scaling.

D.

Create a DynamoDB table in provisioned capacity mode, and configure it as a global table.

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Questions 110

A global company hosts its web application on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The web application has static data and dynamic data. The company stores its static data in an Amazon S3 bucket. The company wants to improve performance and reduce latency for the static data and dynamic data. The company is using its own domain name registered with Amazon Route 53.

What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution that has the S3 bucket and the ALB as origins Configure Route 53 to route traffic to the CloudFront distribution.

B.

Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution that has the ALB as an origin Create an AWS Global Accelerator standard accelerator that has the S3 bucket as an endpoint. Configure Route 53 to route traffic to the CloudFront distribution.

C.

Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution that has the S3 bucket as an origin Create an AWS Global Accelerator standard accelerator that has the ALB and the CloudFront distribution as endpoints Create a custom domain name that points to the accelerator DNS name Use the custom domain name as an endpoint for the web application.

D.

Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution that has the ALB as an origin C. Create an AWS Global Accelerator standard accelerator that has the S3 bucket as an endpoint Create two domain names. Point one domain name to the CloudFront DNS name for dynamic content, Point the other domain name to the accelerator DNS name for static content Use the domain names as endpoints for the web application.

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Questions 111

A company is planning to migrate data to an Amazon S3 bucket The data must be encrypted at rest within the S3 bucket The encryption key must be rotated automatically every year.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Migrate the data to the S3 bucket. Use server-side encryption with Amazon S3 managed keys (SSE-S3). Use the built-in key rotation behavior of SSE-S3

encryption keys.

B.

Create an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) customer managed key Enable automatic key rotation Set the S3 bucket's default encryption behavior to use the customer managed KMS key. Migrate the data to the S3 bucket.

C.

Create an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) customer managed key Set the S3 bucket's default encryption behavior to use the customer managed KMS key. Migrate the data to the S3 bucket. Manually rotate the KMS key every year.

D.

Use customer key material to encrypt the data Migrate the data to the S3 bucket. Create an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key without key material Import the customer key material into the KMS key. Enable automatic key rotation.

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Questions 112

A survey company has gathered data for several years from areas m\ the United States. The company hosts the data in an Amazon S3 bucket that is 3 TB m size and growing. The company has started to share the data with a European marketing firm that has S3 buckets The company wants to ensure that its data transfer costs remain as low as possible

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure the Requester Pays feature on the company's S3 bucket

B.

Configure S3 Cross-Region Replication from the company’s S3 bucket to one of the marketing firm's S3 buckets.

C.

Configure cross-account access for the marketing firm so that the marketing firm has access to the company’s S3 bucket.

D.

Configure the company’s S3 bucket to use S3 Intelligent-Tiering Sync the S3 bucket to one of the marketing firm’s S3 buckets

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Questions 113

A company uses NFS to store large video files in on-premises network attached storage. Each video file ranges in size from 1MB to 500 GB. The total storage is 70 TB and is no longer growing. The company decides to migrate the video files to Amazon S3. The company must migrate the video files as soon as possible while using the least possible network bandwidth.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an S3 bucket Create an IAM role that has permissions to write to the S3 bucket. Use the AWS CLI to copy all files locally to the S3 bucket.

B.

Create an AWS Snowball Edge job. Receive a Snowball Edge device on premises. Use the Snowball Edge client to transfer data to the device. Return the device so that AWS can import the data into Amazon S3.

C.

Deploy an S3 File Gateway on premises. Create a public service endpoint to connect to the S3 File Gateway Create an S3 bucket Create a new NFS file share on the S3 File Gateway Point the new file share to the S3 bucket. Transfer the data from the existing NFS file share to the S3 File Gateway.

D.

Set up an AWS Direct Connect connection between the on-premises network and AWS. Deploy an S3 File Gateway on premises. Create a public virtual interlace (VIF) to connect to the S3 File Gateway. Create an S3 bucket. Create a new NFS file share on the S3 File Gateway. Point the new file share to the S3 bucket. Transfer the data from the existing NFS file share to the S3 File Gateway.

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Questions 114

A company uses Amazon EC2 instances and Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volumes to run an application. The company creates one snapshot of each EBS volume every day to meet compliance requirements. The company wants to implement an architecture that prevents the accidental deletion of EBS volume snapshots. The solution must not change the administrative rights of the storage administrator user.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST administrative effort?

Options:

A.

Create an 1AM role that has permission to delete snapshots. Attach the role to a new EC2 instance. Use the AWS CLI from the new EC2 instance to delete snapshots.

B.

Create an 1AM policy that denies snapshot deletion. Attach the policy to the storage administrator user.

C.

Add tags to the snapshots. Create retention rules in Recycle Bin for EBS snapshots that have the tags.

D.

Lock the EBS snapshots to prevent deletion.

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Questions 115

A company is building an application that consists of several microservices. The company has decided to use container technologies to deploy its software on AWS. The company needs a solution that minimizes the amount of ongoing effort for maintenance and scaling. The company cannot manage additional infrastructure.

Which combination of actions should a solutions architect take to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

Deploy an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) cluster.

B.

Deploy the Kubernetes control plane on Amazon EC2 instances that span multiple Availability Zones.

C.

Deploy an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) service with an Amazon EC2 launch type. Specify a desired task number level of greater than or equal to 2.

D.

Deploy an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) service with a Fargate launch type. Specify a desired task number level of greater than or equal to 2.

E.

Deploy Kubernetes worker nodes on Amazon EC2 instances that span multiple Availability Zones. Create a deployment that specifies two or more replicas for each microservice.

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Questions 116

A company is migrating applications to AWS. The applications are deployed in different accounts. The company manages the accounts centrally by using AWS Organizations. The company's security team needs a single sign-on (SSO) solution across all the company's accounts. The company must continue managing the users and groups in its on-premises self-managed Microsoft Active Directory.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Enable AWS Single Sign-On (AWS SSO) from the AWS SSO console. Create a one-way forest trust or a one-way domain trust to connect the company's self-managed Microsoft Active Directory with AWS SSO by using AWS Directory Service for Microsoft Active Directory.

B.

Enable AWS Single Sign-On (AWS SSO) from the AWS SSO console. Create a two-way forest trust to connect the company's self-managed Microsoft Active Directory with AWS SSO by using AWS Directory Service for Microsoft Active Directory.

C.

Use AWS Directory Service. Create a two-way trust relationship with the company's self-managed Microsoft Active Directory.

D.

Deploy an identity provider (IdP) on premises. Enable AWS Single Sign-On (AWS SSO) from the AWS SSO console.

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Questions 117

A solutions architect is using Amazon S3 to design the storage architecture of a new digital media application. The media files must be resilient to the loss of an Availability Zone Some files are accessed frequently while other files are rarely accessed in an unpredictable pattern. The solutions architect must minimize the costs of storing and retrieving the media files.

Which storage option meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

S3 Standard

B.

S3 Intelligent-Tiering

C.

S3 Standard-Infrequent Access {S3 Standard-IA)

D.

S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA)

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Questions 118

A company recently launched Linux-based application instances on Amazon EC2 in a private subnet and launched a Linux-based bastion host on an Amazon EC2 instance in a public subnet of a VPC A solutions architect needs to connect from the on-premises network, through the company's internet connection to the bastion host and to the application servers The solutions architect must make sure that the security groups of all the EC2 instances will allow that access

Which combination of steps should the solutions architect take to meet these requirements? (Select TWO)

Options:

A.

Replace the current security group of the bastion host with one that only allows inbound access from the application instances

B.

Replace the current security group of the bastion host with one that only allows inbound access from the internal IP range for the company

C.

Replace the current security group of the bastion host with one that only allows inbound access from the external IP range for the company

D.

Replace the current security group of the application instances with one that allows inbound SSH access from only the private IP address of the bastion host

E.

Replace the current security group of the application instances with one that allows inbound SSH access from only the public IP address of the bastion host

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Questions 119

An application runs on an Amazon EC2 instance in a VPC. The application processes logs that are stored in an Amazon S3 bucket. The EC2 instance needs to access the S3 bucket without connectivity to the internet.

Which solution will provide private network connectivity to Amazon S3?

Options:

A.

Create a gateway VPC endpoint to the S3 bucket.

B.

Stream the logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Export the logs to the S3 bucket.

C.

Create an instance profile on Amazon EC2 to allow S3 access.

D.

Create an Amazon API Gateway API with a private link to access the S3 endpoint.

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Questions 120

A company has an Amazon S3 bucket that contains critical data. The company must protect the data from accidental deletion.

Which combination of steps should a solutions architect take to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

Enable versioning on the S3 bucket.

B.

Enable MFA Delete on the S3 bucket.

C.

Create a bucket policy on the S3 bucket.

D.

Enable default encryption on the S3 bucket.

E.

Create a lifecycle policy for the objects in the S3 bucket.

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Questions 121

A company is preparing to deploy a new serverless workload. A solutions architect must use the principle of least privilege to configure permissions that will be used to run an AWS Lambda function. An Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) rule will invoke the function.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Add an execution role to the function with lambda: InvokeFunction as the action and * as the principal.

B.

Add an execution role to the function with lambda: InvokeFunction as the action and Service:amazonaws.com as the principal.

C.

Add a resource-based policy to the function with lambda:'* as the action and Service:events.amazonaws.com as the principal.

D.

Add a resource-based policy to the function with lambda: InvokeFunction as the action and Service:events.amazonaws.com as the principal.

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Questions 122

A company has a website hosted on AWS. The website is behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) that is configured to handle HTTP and HTTPS separately. The company wants to forward all requests to the website so that the requests will use HTTPS.

What should a solutions architect do to meet this requirement?

Options:

A.

Update the ALB's network ACL to accept only HTTPS traffic

B.

Create a rule that replaces the HTTP in the URL with HTTPS.

C.

Create a listener rule on the ALB to redirect HTTP traffic to HTTPS.

D.

Replace the ALB with a Network Load Balancer configured to use Server Name Indication (SNI).

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Questions 123

A company maintains a searchable repository of items on its website. The data is stored in an Amazon RDS for MySQL database table that contains more than 10 million rows The database has 2 TB of General Purpose SSD storage There are millions of updates against this data every day through the company's website

The company has noticed that some insert operations are taking 10 seconds or longer The company has determined that the database storage performance is the problem

Which solution addresses this performance issue?

Options:

A.

Change the storage type to Provisioned IOPS SSD

B.

Change the DB instance to a memory optimized instance class

C.

Change the DB instance to a burstable performance instance class

D.

Enable Multi-AZ RDS read replicas with MySQL native asynchronous replication.

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Questions 124

A company runs multiple Windows workloads on AWS. The company's employees use Windows file shares that are hosted on two Amazon EC2 instances. The file shares synchronize data between themselves and maintain duplicate copies. The company wants a highly available and durable storage solution that preserves how users currently access the files.

What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Migrate all the data to Amazon S3 Set up IAM authentication for users to access files

B.

Set up an Amazon S3 File Gateway. Mount the S3 File Gateway on the existing EC2 Instances.

C.

Extend the file share environment to Amazon FSx for Windows File Server with a Multi-AZ configuration. Migrate all the data to FSx for Windows File Server.

D.

Extend the file share environment to Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) with a Multi-AZ configuration. Migrate all the data to Amazon EFS.

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Questions 125

A company is building an application in the AWS Cloud. The application will store data in Amazon S3 buckets in two AWS Regions. The company must use an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) customer managed key to encrypt all data that is stored in the S3 buckets. The data in both S3 buckets must be encrypted and decrypted with the same KMS key. The data and the key must be stored in each of the two Regions.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Create an S3 bucket in each Region Configure the S3 buckets to use server-side encryption with Amazon S3 managed encryption keys (SSE-S3) Configure replication between the S3 buckets.

B.

Create a customer managed multi-Region KMS key. Create an S3 bucket in each Region. Configure replication between the S3 buckets. Configure the application to use the KMS key with client-side encryption.

C.

Create a customer managed KMS key and an S3 bucket in each Region Configure the S3 buckets to use server-side encryption with Amazon S3 managed encryption keys (SSE-S3) Configure replication between the S3 buckets.

D.

Create a customer managed KMS key and an S3 bucket m each Region Configure the S3 buckets to use server-side encryption with AWS KMS keys (SSE-KMS) Configure replication between the S3 buckets.

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Questions 126

A development team runs monthly resource-intensive tests on its general purpose Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance with Performance Insights enabled. The testing lasts for 48 hours once a month and is the only process that uses the database. The team wants to reduce the cost of running the tests without reducing the compute and memory attributes of the DB instance.

Which solution meets these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Stop the DB instance when tests are completed. Restart the DB instance when required.

B.

Use an Auto Scaling policy with the DB instance to automatically scale when tests are completed.

C.

Create a snapshot when tests are completed. Terminate the DB instance and restore the snapshot when required.

D.

Modify the DB instance to a low-capacity instance when tests are completed. Modify the DB instance again when required.

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Questions 127

A company runs its Infrastructure on AWS and has a registered base of 700.000 users for res document management application The company intends to create a product that converts large pdf files to jpg Imago files. The .pdf files average 5 MB in size. The company needs to store the original files and the converted files. A solutions architect must design a scalable solution to accommodate demand that will grow rapidly over lime.

Which solution meets these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Save the pdf files to Amazon S3 Configure an S3 PUT event to invoke an AWS Lambda function to convert the files to jpg format and store them back in Amazon S3

B.

Save the pdf files to Amazon DynamoDB. Use the DynamoDB Streams feature to invoke an AWS Lambda function to convert the files to jpg format and store them hack in DynamoDB

C.

Upload the pdf files to an AWS Elastic Beanstalk application that includes Amazon EC2 instances. Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) storage and an Auto Scaling group. Use a program In the EC2 instances to convert the files to jpg format Save the .pdf files and the .jpg files In the EBS store.

D.

Upload the .pdf files to an AWS Elastic Beanstalk application that includes Amazon EC2 instances, Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EPS) storage, and an Auto Scaling group. Use a program in the EC2 instances to convert the file to jpg format Save the pdf files and the jpg files in the EBS store.

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Questions 128

An application development team is designing a microservice that will convert large images to smaller, compressed images. When a user uploads an image through the web interface, the microservice should store the image in an Amazon S3 bucket, process and compress the image with an AWS Lambda function, and store the image in its compressed form in a different S3 bucket.

A solutions architect needs to design a solution that uses durable, stateless components to process the images automatically.

Which combination of actions will meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue Configure the S3 bucket to send a notification to the SQS queue when an image is uploaded to the S3 bucket

B.

Configure the Lambda function to use the Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue as the invocation source When the SQS message is successfully processed, delete the message in the queue

C.

Configure the Lambda function to monitor the S3 bucket for new uploads When an uploaded image is detected write the file name to a text file in memory and use the text file to keep track of the images that were processed

D.

Launch an Amazon EC2 instance to monitor an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue When items are added to the queue log the file name in a text file on the EC2 instance and invoke the Lambda function

E.

Configure an Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) event to monitor the S3 bucket When an image is uploaded. send an alert to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic with the application owner's email address for further processing

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Questions 129

A solutions architect is designing the cloud architecture for a new application being deployed on AWS. The process should run in parallel while adding and removing application nodes as needed based on the number of jobs to be processed. The processor application is stateless. The solutions architect must ensure that the application is loosely coupled and the job items are durably stored.

Which design should the solutions architect use?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon SNS topic to send the jobs that need to be processed Create an Amazon Machine Image (AMI) that consists of the processor application Create a launch configuration that uses the AMI Create an Auto Scaling group using the launch configuration Set the scaling policy for the Auto Scaling group to add and remove nodes based on CPU usage

B.

Create an Amazon SQS queue to hold the jobs that need to be processed Create an Amazon Machine image (AMI) that consists of the processor application Create a launch configuration that uses the AM' Create an Auto Scaling group using the launch configuration Set the scaling policy for the Auto Scaling group to add and remove nodes based on network usage

C.

Create an Amazon SQS queue to hold the jobs that needs to be processed Create an Amazon Machine image (AMI) that consists of the processor application Create a launch template that uses the AMI Create an Auto Scaling group using the launch template Set the scaling policy for the Auto Scaling group to add and remove nodes based on the number of items in the SQS queue

D.

Create an Amazon SNS topic to send the jobs that need to be processed Create an Amazon Machine Image (AMI) that consists of the processor application Create a launch template that uses the AMI Create an Auto Scaling group using the launch template Set the scaling policy for the Auto Scaling group to add and remove nodes based on the number of messages published to the SNS topic

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Questions 130

A company is designing an application where users upload small files into Amazon S3. After a user uploads a file, the file requires one-time simple processing to transform the data and save the data in JSON format for later analysis.

Each file must be processed as quickly as possible after it is uploaded. Demand will vary. On some days, users will upload a high number of files. On other days, users will upload a few files or no files.

Which solution meets these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Configure Amazon EMR to read text files from Amazon S3. Run processing scripts to transform the data. Store the resulting JSON file in an Amazon Aurora DB cluster.

B.

Configure Amazon S3 to send an event notification to an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue. Use Amazon EC2 instances to read from the queue and process the data. Store the resulting JSON file in Amazon DynamoDB.

C.

Configure Amazon S3 to send an event notification to an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue. Use an AWS Lambda function to read from the queue and process the data. Store the resulting JSON file in Amazon DynamoDB. Most Voted

D.

Configure Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) to send an event to Amazon Kinesis Data Streams when a new file is uploaded. Use an AWS Lambda function to consume the event from the stream and process the data. Store the resulting JSON file in Amazon Aurora DB cluster.

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Questions 131

A company performs monthly maintenance on its AWS infrastructure. During these maintenance activities, the company needs to rotate the credentials tor its Amazon ROS tor MySQL databases across multiple AWS Regions

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Store the credentials as secrets in AWS Secrets Manager. Use multi-Region secret replication for the required Regions Configure Secrets Manager to rotate the secrets on a schedule

B.

Store the credentials as secrets in AWS Systems Manager by creating a secure string parameter Use multi-Region secret replication for the required Regions Configure Systems Manager to rotate the secrets on a schedule

C.

Store the credentials in an Amazon S3 bucket that has server-side encryption (SSE) enabled Use Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) to invoke an AWS Lambda function to rotate the credentials

D.

Encrypt the credentials as secrets by using AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) multi-Region customer managed keys Store the secrets in an Amazon DynamoDB global table Use an AWS Lambda function to retrieve the secrets from DynamoDB Use the RDS API to rotate the secrets.

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Questions 132

A company is running a popular social media website. The website gives users the ability to upload images to share with other users. The company wants to make sure that the images do not contain inappropriate content. The company needs a solution that minimizes development effort.

What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use Amazon Comprehend to detect inappropriate content. Use human review for low-confidence predictions.

B.

Use Amazon Rekognition to detect inappropriate content. Use human review for low-confidence predictions.

C.

Use Amazon SageMaker to detect inappropriate content. Use ground truth to label low-confidence predictions.

D.

Use AWS Fargate to deploy a custom machine learning model to detect inappropriate content. Use ground truth to label low-confidence predictions.

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Questions 133

A company is hosting a web application on AWS using a single Amazon EC2 instance that stores user-uploaded documents in an Amazon EBS volume. For better scalability and availability, the company duplicated the architecture and created a second EC2 instance and EBS volume in another Availability Zone placing both behind an Application Load Balancer After completing this change, users reported that, each time they refreshed the website, they could see one subset of their documents or the other, but never all of the documents at the same time.

What should a solutions architect propose to ensure users see all of their documents at once?

Options:

A.

Copy the data so both EBS volumes contain all the documents.

B.

Configure the Application Load Balancer to direct a user to the server with the documents

C.

Copy the data from both EBS volumes to Amazon EFS Modify the application to save new documents to Amazon EFS

D.

Configure the Application Load Balancer to send the request to both servers Return each document from the correct server.

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Questions 134

A company's website uses an Amazon EC2 instance store for its catalog of items. The company wants to make sure that the catalog is highly available and that the catalog is stored in a durable location.

What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Move the catalog to Amazon ElastiCache for Redis.

B.

Deploy a larger EC2 instance with a larger instance store.

C.

Move the catalog from the instance store to Amazon S3 Glacier Deep Archive.

D.

Move the catalog to an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system.

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Questions 135

A company recently launched a variety of new workloads on Amazon EC2 instances in its AWS account. The company needs to create a strategy to access and administer the instances remotely and securely. The company needs to implement a repeatable process that works with native AWS services and follows the AWS Well-Architected Framework.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Use the EC2 serial console to directly access the terminal interface of each instance for administration.

B.

Attach the appropriate IAM role to each existing instance and new instance. Use AWS Systems Manager Session Manager to establish a remote SSH session.

C.

Create an administrative SSH key pair. Load the public key into each EC2 instance. Deploy a bastion host in a public subnet to provide a tunnel for administration of each instance.

D.

Establish an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection. Instruct administrators to use their local on-premises machines to connect directly to the instances by using SSH keys across the VPN tunnel.

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Questions 136

A development team needs to host a website that will be accessed by other teams. The website contents consist of HTML, CSS, client-side JavaScript, and images Which method is the MOST cost-effective for hosting the website?

Options:

A.

Containerize the website and host it in AWS Fargate.

B.

Create an Amazon S3 bucket and host the website there

C.

Deploy a web server on an Amazon EC2 instance to host the website.

D.

Configure an Application Loa d Balancer with an AWS Lambda target that uses the Express js framework.

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Questions 137

A company uses 50 TB of data for reporting. The company wants to move this data from on premises to AWS A custom application in the company's data center runs a weekly data transformation job. The company plans to pause the application until the data transfer is complete and needs to begin the transfer process as soon as possible.

The data center does not have any available network bandwidth for additional workloads A solutions architect must transfer the data and must configure the transformation job to continue to run in the AWS Cloud

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Use AWS DataSync to move the data Create a custom transformation job by using AWS Glue

B.

Order an AWS Snowcone device to move the data Deploy the transformation application to the device

C.

Order an AWS Snowball Edge Storage Optimized device. Copy the data to the device. Create a custom transformation job by using AWS Glue

D.

Order an AWS Snowball Edge Storage Optimized device that includes Amazon EC2 compute Copy the data to the device Create a new EC2 instance on AWS to run the transformation application

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Questions 138

A hospital recently deployed a RESTful API with Amazon API Gateway and AWS Lambda The hospital uses API Gateway and Lambda to upload reports that are in PDF format and JPEG format The hospital needs to modify the Lambda code to identify protected health information (PHI) in the reports

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Use existing Python libraries to extract the text from the reports and to identify the PHI from the extracted text.

B.

Use Amazon Textract to extract the text from the reports Use Amazon SageMaker to identify the PHI from the extracted text.

C.

Use Amazon Textract to extract the text from the reports Use Amazon Comprehend Medical to identify the PHI from the extracted text

D.

Use Amazon Rekognition to extract the text from the reports Use Amazon Comprehend Medical to identify the PHI from the extracted text

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Questions 139

A company runs an online marketplace web application on AWS. The application serves hundreds of thousands of users during peak hours. The company needs a scalable, near-real-time solution to share the details of millions of financial transactions with several other internal applications Transactions also need to be processed to remove sensitive data before being stored in a document database for low-latency retrieval.

What should a solutions architect recommend to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Store the transactions data into Amazon DynamoDB Set up a rule in DynamoDB to remove sensitive data from every transaction upon write Use DynamoDB Streams to share the transactions data with other applications

B.

Stream the transactions data into Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose to store data in Amazon DynamoDB and Amazon S3 Use AWS Lambda integration with Kinesis Data Firehose to remove sensitive data. Other applications can consume the data stored in Amazon S3

C.

Stream the transactions data into Amazon Kinesis Data Streams Use AWS Lambda integration to remove sensitive data from every transaction and then store the transactions data in Amazon DynamoDB Other applications can consume the transactions data off the Kinesis data stream.

D.

Store the batched transactions data in Amazon S3 as files. Use AWS Lambda to process every file and remove sensitive data before updating the files in Amazon S3 The Lambda function then stores the data in Amazon DynamoDB Other applications can consume transaction files stored in Amazon S3.

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Questions 140

A company recently signed a contract with an AWS Managed Service Provider (MSP) Partner for help with an application migration initiative. A solutions architect needs to share an Amazon Machine Image (AMI) from an existing AWS account with the MSP Partner's AWS account. The AMI is backed by Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) and uses a customer managed customer master key (CMK) to encrypt EBS volume snapshots.

What is the MOST secure way for the solutions architect to share the AMI with the MSP Partner's AWS account?

Options:

A.

Make the encrypted AMI and snapshots publicly available. Modify the CMK's key policy to allow the MSP Partner's AWS account to use the key

B.

Modify the launchPermission property of the AMI. Share the AMI with the MSP Partner's AWS account only. Modify the CMK's key policy to allow the MSP Partner's AWS account to use the key.

C.

Modify the launchPermission property of the AMI Share the AMI with the MSP Partner's AWS account only. Modify the CMK's key policy to trust a new CMK that is owned by the MSP Partner for encryption.

D.

Export the AMI from the source account to an Amazon S3 bucket in the MSP Partner's AWS account. Encrypt the S3 bucket with a CMK that is owned by the MSP Partner Copy and launch the AMI in the MSP Partner's AWS account.

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Questions 141

A company is developing an application that provides order shipping statistics for retrieval by a REST API. The company wants to extract the shipping statistics, organize the data into an easy-to-read HTML format, and send the report to several email addresses at the same time every morning.

Which combination of steps should a solutions architect take to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

Configure the application to send the data to Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose.

B.

Use Amazon Simple Email Service (Amazon SES) to format the data and to send the report by email.

C.

Create an Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) scheduled event that invokes an AWS Glue job to query the application's API for the data.

D.

Create an Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) scheduled event that invokes an AWS Lambda function to query the application's API for the data.

E.

Store the application data in Amazon S3. Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic as an S3 event destination to send the report by

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Questions 142

A company hosts an application used to upload files to an Amazon S3 bucket Once uploaded, the files are processed to extract metadata which takes less than 5 seconds The volume and frequency of the uploads varies from a few files each hour to hundreds of concurrent uploads The company has asked a solutions architect to design a cost-effective architecture that will meet these requirements.

What should the solutions architect recommend?

Options:

A.

Configure AWS CloudTrail trails to tog S3 API calls Use AWS AppSync to process the files.

B.

Configure an object-created event notification within the S3 bucket to invoke an AWS Lambda function to process the files.

C.

Configure Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to process and send data to Amazon S3. Invoke an AWS Lambda function to process the files.

D.

Configure an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to process the files uploaded to Amazon S3 Invoke an AWS Lambda function to process the files.

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Questions 143

A company uses high concurrency AWS Lambda functions to process a constantly increasing number of messages in a message queue during marketing events. The Lambda functions use CPU intensive code to process the messages. The company wants to reduce the compute costs and to maintain service latency for its customers.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure reserved concurrency for the Lambda functions. Decrease the memory allocated to the Lambda functions.

B.

Configure reserved concurrency for the Lambda functions. Increase the memory according to AWS Compute Optimizer recommendations.

C.

Configure provisioned concurrency for the Lambda functions. Decrease the memory allocated to the Lambda functions.

D.

Configure provisioned concurrency for the Lambda functions. Increase the memory according to AWS Compute Optimizer recommendations.

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Questions 144

A company is migrating a distributed application to AWS The application serves variable workloads The legacy platform consists of a primary server trial coordinates jobs across multiple compute nodes The company wants to modernize the application with a solution that maximizes resiliency and scalability.

How should a solutions architect design the architecture to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue as a destination for the jobs Implement the compute nodes with Amazon EC2 instances that are managed in an Auto Scaling group. Configure EC2 Auto Scaling to use scheduled scaling

B.

Configure an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue as a destination for the jobs Implement the compute nodes with Amazon EC2 Instances that are managed in an Auto Scaling group Configure EC2 Auto Scaling based on the size of the queue

C.

Implement the primary server and the compute nodes with Amazon EC2 instances that are managed In an Auto Scaling group. Configure AWS CloudTrail as a destination for the fobs Configure EC2 Auto Scaling based on the load on the primary server

D.

implement the primary server and the compute nodes with Amazon EC2 instances that are managed in an Auto Scaling group Configure Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) as a destination for the jobs Configure EC2 Auto Scaling based on the load on the compute nodes

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Questions 145

A company has an automobile sales website that stores its listings in a database on Amazon RDS When an automobile is sold the listing needs to be removed from the website and the data must be sent to multiple target systems.

Which design should a solutions architect recommend?

Options:

A.

Create an AWS Lambda function triggered when the database on Amazon RDS is updated to send the information to an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS> queue for the targets to consume

B.

Create an AWS Lambda function triggered when the database on Amazon RDS is updated to send the information to an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) FIFO queue for the targets to consume

C.

Subscribe to an RDS event notification and send an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue fanned out to multiple Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topics Use AWS Lambda functions to update the targets

D.

Subscribe to an RDS event notification and send an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic fanned out to multiple Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queues Use AWS Lambda functions to update the targets

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Questions 146

A company has a data ingestion workflow that consists the following:

    An Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic for notifications about new data deliveries

    An AWS Lambda function to process the data and record metadata

The company observes that the ingestion workflow fails occasionally because of network connectivity issues. When such a failure occurs, the Lambda function does not ingest the corresponding data unless the company manually reruns the job.

Which combination of actions should a solutions architect take to ensure that the Lambda function ingests all data in the future? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Configure the Lambda function In multiple Availability Zones.

B.

Create an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue, and subscribe It to me SNS topic.

C.

Increase the CPU and memory that are allocated to the Lambda function.

D.

Increase provisioned throughput for the Lambda function.

E.

Modify the Lambda function to read from an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue

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Questions 147

A company has an application that ingests incoming messages. These messages are then quickly consumed by dozens of other applications and microservices.

The number of messages varies drastically and sometimes spikes as high as 100,000 each second. The company wants to decouple the solution and increase scalability.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Persist the messages to Amazon Kinesis Data Analytics. All the applications will read and process the messages.

B.

Deploy the application on Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group, which scales the number of EC2 instances based on CPU metrics.

C.

Write the messages to Amazon Kinesis Data Streams with a single shard. All applications will read from the stream and process the messages.

D.

Publish the messages to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic with one or more Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) subscriptions. All applications then process the messages from the queues.

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Questions 148

A company needs guaranteed Amazon EC2 capacity in three specific Availability Zones in a specific AWS Region for an upcoming event that will last 1 week.

What should the company do to guarantee the EC2 capacity?

Options:

A.

Purchase Reserved instances that specify the Region needed

B.

Create an On Demand Capacity Reservation that specifies the Region needed

C.

Purchase Reserved instances that specify the Region and three Availability Zones needed

D.

Create an On-Demand Capacity Reservation that specifies the Region and three Availability Zones needed

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Questions 149

A company is building an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) cluster for its workloads. All secrets that are stored in Amazon EKS must be encrypted in the Kubernetes etcd key-value store.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a new AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key Use AWS Secrets Manager to manage rotate, and store all secrets in Amazon EKS.

B.

Create a new AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key Enable Amazon EKS KMS secrets encryption on the Amazon EKS cluster.

C.

Create the Amazon EKS cluster with default options Use the Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) Container Storage Interface (CSI) driver as an add-on.

D.

Create a new AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key with the ahas/aws/ebs alias Enable default Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume encryption for the account.

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Questions 150

A solutions architect needs to design the architecture for an application that a vendor provides as a Docker container image The container needs 50 GB of storage available for temporary files The infrastructure must be serverless.

Which solution meets these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Create an AWS Lambda function that uses the Docker container image with an Amazon S3 mounted volume that has more than 50 GB of space

B.

Create an AWS Lambda function that uses the Docker container image with an Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume that has more than 50 GB of space

C.

Create an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) cluster that uses the AWS Fargate launch type Create a task definition for the container image with an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) volume. Create a service with that task definition.

D.

Create an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) cluster that uses the Amazon EC2 launch type with an Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume that has more than 50 GB of space Create a task definition for the container image. Create a service with that task definition.

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Questions 151

A solutions architect is designing an AWS Identity and Access Management (1AM) authorization model for a company's AWS account. The company has designated five specific employees to have full access to AWS services and resources in the AWS account.

The solutions architect has created an 1AM user for each of the five designated employees and has created an 1AM user group.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Attach the AdministratorAccess resource-based policy to the 1AM user group. Place each of the five designated employee IAM users in the 1AM user group.

B.

Attach the SystemAdministrator identity-based policy to the IAM user group. Place each of the five designated employee IAM users in the IAM user group.

C.

Attach the AdministratorAccess identity-based policy to the IAM user group. Place each of the five designated employee IAM users in the IAM user group.

D.

Attach the SystemAdministrator resource-based policy to the IAM user group. Place each of the five designated employee IAM users in the IAM user group.

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Questions 152

A company plans to migrate toAWS and use Amazon EC2 On-Demand Instances for its application. During the migration testing phase, a technical team observes that the application takes a long time to launch and load memory to become fully productive.

Which solution will reduce the launch time of the application during the next testing phase?

Options:

A.

Launch two or more EC2 On-Demand Instances. Turn on auto scaling features and make the EC2 On-Demand Instances available during the next testing phase.

B.

Launch EC2 Spot Instances to support the application and to scale the application so it is available during the next testing phase.

C.

Launch the EC2 On-Demand Instances with hibernation turned on. Configure EC2 Auto Scaling warm pools during the next testing phase.

D.

Launch EC2 On-Demand Instances with Capacity Reservations. Start additional EC2 instances during the next testing phase.

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Questions 153

A company provides a Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) service that uses UDP connections. The service consists of Amazon EC2 instances that run in an Auto Scaling group. The company has deployments across multiple AWS Regions.

The company needs to route users to the Region with the lowest latency. The company also needs automated failover between Regions.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Deploy a Network Load Balancer (NLB) and an associated target group. Associate the target group with the Auto Scaling group. Use the NLB as an AWS Global Accelerator endpoint in each Region.

B.

Deploy an Application Load Balancer (ALB) and an associated target group. Associate the target group with the Auto Scaling group. Use the ALB as an AWS Global Accelerator endpoint in each Region.

C.

Deploy a Network Load Balancer (NLB) and an associated target group. Associate the target group with the Auto Scaling group. Create an Amazon Route 53 latency record that points to aliases for each NLB. Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution that uses the latency record as an origin.

D.

Deploy an Application Load Balancer (ALB) and an associated target group. Associate the target group with the Auto Scaling group. Create an Amazon Route 53 weighted record that points to aliases for each ALB. Deploy an Amazon CloudFront distribution that uses the weighted record as an origin.

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Questions 154

A company has a new mobile app. Anywhere in the world, users can see local news on topics they choose. Users also can post photos and videos from inside the app.

Users access content often in the first minutes after the content is posted. New content quickly replaces older content, and then the older content disappears. The local nature of the news means that users consume 90% of the content within the AWS Region where it is uploaded.

Which solution will optimize the user experience by providing the LOWEST latency for content uploads?

Options:

A.

Upload and store content in Amazon S3. Use Amazon CloudFront for the uploads.

B.

Upload and store content in Amazon S3. Use S3 Transfer Acceleration for the uploads.

C.

Upload content to Amazon EC2 instances in the Region that is closest to the user. Copy the data to Amazon S3.

D.

Upload and store content in Amazon S3 in the Region that is closest to the user. Use multiple distributions of Amazon CloudFront.

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Questions 155

A company has a large Microsoft SharePoint deployment running on-premises that requires Microsoft Windows shared file storage. The company wants to migrate this workload to the AWS Cloud and is considering various storage options. The storage solution must be highly available and integrated with Active Directory for access control.

Which solution will satisfy these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure Amazon EFS storage and set the Active Directory domain for authentication

B.

Create an SMB Me share on an AWS Storage Gateway tile gateway in two Availability Zones

C.

Create an Amazon S3 bucket and configure Microsoft Windows Server to mount it as a volume

D.

Create an Amazon FSx for Windows File Server file system on AWS and set the Active Directory domain for authentication

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Questions 156

A company wants to move a multi-tiered application from on premises to the AWS Cloud to improve the application's performance. The application consists of application tiers that communicate with each other by way of RESTful services. Transactions are dropped when one tier becomes overloaded. A solutions architect must design a solution that resolves these issues and modernizes the application.

Which solution meets these requirements and is the MOST operationally efficient?

Options:

A.

Use Amazon API Gateway and direct transactions to the AWS Lambda functions as the application layer. Use Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) as the communication layer between application services.

B.

Use Amazon CloudWatch metrics to analyze the application performance history to determine the server's peak utilization during the performance failures. Increase the size of the application server's Amazon EC2 instances to meet the peak requirements.

C.

Use Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) to handle the messaging between application servers running on Amazon EC2 in an Auto Scaling group. Use Amazon CloudWatch to monitor the SNS queue length and scale up and down as required.

D.

Use Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) to handle the messaging between application servers running on Amazon EC2 in an Auto Scaling group. Use Amazon CloudWatch to monitor the SQS queue length and scale up when communication failures are detected.

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Questions 157

A solutions architect creates a VPC that includes two public subnets and two private subnets. A corporate security mandate requires the solutions architect to launch all Amazon EC2 instances in a private subnet. However, when the solutions architect launches an EC2 instance that runs a web server on ports 80 and 443 in a private subnet, no external internet traffic can connect to the server.

What should the solutions architect do to resolve this issue?

Options:

A.

Attach the EC2 instance to an Auto Scaling group in a private subnet. Ensure that the DNS record for the website resolves to the Auto Scaling group identifier.

B.

Provision an internet-facing Application Load Balancer (ALB) in a public subnet. Add the EC2 instance to the target group that is associated with the ALB. Ensure that the DNS record for the website resolves to the ALB.

C.

Launch a NAT gateway in a private subnet. Update the route table for the private subnets to add a default route to the NAT gateway. Attach a public Elastic IP address to the NAT gateway.

D.

Ensure that the security group that is attached to the EC2 instance allows HTTP traffic on port 80 and HTTPS traffic on port 443. Ensure that the DNS record for the website resolves to the public IP address of the EC2 instance.

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Questions 158

A company wants to run its experimental workloads in the AWS Cloud. The company has a budget for cloud spending. The company's CFO is concerned about cloud spending accountability for each department. The CFO wants to receive notification when the spending threshold reaches 60% of the budget.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use cost allocation tags on AWS resources to label owners. Create usage budgets in AWS Budgets. Add an alert threshold to receive notification when spending exceeds 60% of the budget.

B.

Use AWS Cost Explorer forecasts to determine resource owners. Use AWS Cost Anomaly Detection to create alert threshold notifications when spending exceeds 60% of the budget.

C.

Use cost allocation tags on AWS resources to label owners. Use AWS Support API on AWS Trusted Advisor to create alert threshold notifications when spending exceeds 60% of the budget

D.

Use AWS Cost Explorer forecasts to determine resource owners. Create usage budgets in AWS Budgets. Add an alert threshold to receive notification when spending exceeds 60% of the budget.

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Questions 159

A company wants to improve its ability to clone large amounts of production data into a test environment in the same AWS Region. The data is stored in Amazon EC2 instances on Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volumes. Modifications to the cloned data must not affect the production environment. The software that accesses this data requires consistently high I/O performance.

A solutions architect needs to minimize the time that is required to clone the production data into the test environment.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Take EBS snapshots of the production EBS volumes. Restore the snapshots onto EC2 instance store volumes in the test environment.

B.

Configure the production EBS volumes to use the EBS Multi-Attach feature. Take EBS snapshots of the production EBS volumes. Attach the production EBS volumes to the EC2 instances in the test environment.

C.

Take EBS snapshots of the production EBS volumes. Create and initialize new EBS volumes. Attach the new EBS volumes to EC2 instances in the test environment before restoring the volumes from the production EBS snapshots.

D.

Take EBS snapshots of the production EBS volumes. Turn on the EBS fast snapshot restore feature on the EBS snapshots. Restore the snapshots into new EBS volumes. Attach the new EBS volumes to EC2 instances in the test environment.

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Questions 160

A company runs analytics software on Amazon EC2 instances The software accepts job requests from users to process data that has been uploaded to Amazon S3 Users report that some submitted data is not being processed Amazon CloudWatch reveals that the EC2 instances have a consistent CPU utilization at or near 100% The company wants to improve system performance and scale the system based on user load.

What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a copy of the instance Place all instances behind an Application Load Balancer

B.

Create an S3 VPC endpoint for Amazon S3 Update the software to reference the endpoint

C.

Stop the EC2 instances. Modify the instance type to one with a more powerful CPU and more memory. Restart the instances.

D.

Route incoming requests to Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) Configure an EC2 Auto Scaling group based on queue size Update the software to read from the queue.

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Questions 161

A company has NFS servers in an on-premises data center that need to periodically back up small amounts of data to Amazon S3. Which solution meets these requirements and is MOST cost-effective?

Options:

A.

Set up AWS Glue to copy the data from the on-premises servers to Amazon S3.

B.

Set up an AWS DataSync agent on the on-premises servers, and sync the data to Amazon S3.

C.

Set up an SFTP sync using AWS Transfer for SFTP to sync data from on premises to Amazon S3.

D.

Set up an AWS Direct Connect connection between the on-premises data center and a VPC, and copy the data to Amazon S3.

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Questions 162

A company needs to provide customers with secure access to its data. The company processes customer data and stores the results in an Amazon S3 bucket.

All the data is subject to strong regulations and security requirements. The data must be encrypted at rest. Each customer must be able to access only their data from their AWS account. Company employees must not be able to access the data.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Provision an AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) certificate for each customer. Encrypt the data client-side. In the private certificate policy, deny access to the certificate for all principals except an 1AM role that the customer provides.

B.

Provision a separate AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key for each customer. Encrypt the data server-side. In the S3 bucket policy, deny decryption of data for all principals except an 1AM role that the customer provides.

C.

Provision a separate AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key for each customer. Encrypt the data server-side. In each KMS key policy, deny decryption of data for all principals except an 1AM role that the customer provides.

D.

Provision an AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) certificate for each customer. Encrypt the data client-side. In the public certificate policy, deny access to the certificate for all principals except an 1AM role that the customer provides.

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Questions 163

A company that uses AWS needs a solution to predict the resources needed for manufacturing processes each month. The solution must use historical values that are currently stored in an Amazon S3 bucket The company has no machine learning (ML) experience and wants to use a managed service for the training and predictions.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Deploy an Amazon SageMaker model. Create a SageMaker endpoint for inference.

B.

Use Amazon SageMaker to train a model by using the historical data in the S3 bucket.

C.

Configure an AWS Lambda function with a function URL that uses Amazon SageMaker endpoints to create predictions based on the inputs.

D.

Configure an AWS Lambda function with a function URL that uses an Amazon Forecast predictor to create a prediction based on the inputs.

E.

Train an Amazon Forecast predictor by using the historical data in the S3 bucket.

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Questions 164

A company is creating an application The company stores data from tests of the application in multiple on-premises locations

The company needs to connect the on-premises locations to VPCs in an AWS Region in the AWS Cloud The number of accounts and VPCs will increase during the next year The network architecture must simplify the administration of new connections and must provide the ability to scale.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST administrative overhead'?

Options:

A.

Create a peering connection between the VPCs Create a VPN connection between the VPCs and the on-premises locations.

B.

Launch an Amazon EC2 instance On the instance, include VPN software that uses a VPN connection to connect all VPCs and on-premises locations.

C.

Create a transit gateway Create VPC attachments for the VPC connections Create VPN attachments for the on-premises connections.

D.

Create an AWS Direct Connect connection between the on-premises locations and a central VPC. Connect the central VPC to other VPCs by using peering connections.

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Questions 165

A company has Amazon EC2 instances that run nightly batch jobs to process data. The EC2 instances run in an Auto Scaling group that uses On-Demand billing. If a job fails on one instance: another instance will reprocess the job. The batch jobs run between 12:00 AM and 06 00 AM local time every day.

Which solution will provide EC2 instances to meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively'?

Options:

A.

Purchase a 1-year Savings Plan for Amazon EC2 that covers the instance family of the Auto Scaling group that the batch job uses.

B.

Purchase a 1-year Reserved Instance for the specific instance type and operating system of the instances in the Auto Scaling group that the batch job uses.

C.

Create a new launch template for the Auto Scaling group Set the instances to Spot Instances Set a policy to scale out based on CPU usage.

D.

Create a new launch template for the Auto Scaling group Increase the instance size Set a policy to scale out based on CPU usage.

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Questions 166

To meet security requirements, a company needs to encrypt all of its application data in transit while communicating with an Amazon RDS MySQL DB instance. A recent security audit revealed that encryption at rest is enabled using AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS), but data in transit is not enabled.

What should a solutions architect do to satisfy the security requirements?

Options:

A.

Enable 1AM database authentication on the database.

B.

Provide self-signed certificates. Use the certificates in all connections to the RDS instance.

C.

Take a snapshot of the RDS instance. Restore the snapshot to a new instance with encryption enabled.

D.

Download AWS-provided root certificates. Provide the certificates in all connections to the RDS instance.

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Questions 167

An analytics company uses Amazon VPC to run its multi-tier services. The company wants to use RESTful APIs to offer a web analytics service to millions of users. Users must be verified by using an authentication service to access the APIs.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency?

Options:

A.

Configure an Amazon Cognito user pool for user authentication. Implement Amazon API Gateway REST APIs with a Cognito authorizer.

B.

Configure an Amazon Cognito identity pool for user authentication. Implement Amazon API Gateway HTTP APIs with a Cognito authorizer.

C.

Configure an AWS Lambda function to handle user authentication. Implement Amazon API Gateway REST APIs with a Lambda authorizer.

D.

Configure an 1AM user to handle user authentication. Implement Amazon API Gateway HTTP APIs with an 1AM authorizer.

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Questions 168

A solutions architect is designing a user authentication solution for a company The solution must invoke two-factor authentication for users that log in from inconsistent geographical locations. IP addresses, or devices. The solution must also be able to scale up to accommodate millions of users.

Which solution will meet these requirements'?

Options:

A.

Configure Amazon Cognito user pools for user authentication Enable the nsk-based adaptive authentication feature with multi-factor authentication (MFA)

B.

Configure Amazon Cognito identity pools for user authentication Enable multi-factor authentication (MFA).

C.

Configure AWS Identity and Access Management (1AM) users for user authentication Attach an 1AM policy that allows the AllowManageOwnUserMFA action

D.

Configure AWS 1AM Identity Center (AWS Single Sign-On) authentication for user authentication Configure the permission sets to require multi-factor authentication

(MFA)

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Questions 169

A company uses an organization in AWS Organizations to manage AWS accounts that contain applications. The company sets up a dedicated monitoring member account in the organization. The company wants to query and visualize observability data across the accounts by using Amazon CloudWatch.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Enable CloudWatch cross-account observability for the monitoring account. Deploy an AWS CloudFormation template provided by the monitoring account in each AWS account to share the data with the monitoring account.

B.

Set up service control policies (SCPs) to provide access to CloudWatch in the monitoring account under the Organizations root organizational unit (OU).

C.

Configure a new IAM user in the monitoring account. In each AWS account, configure an 1AM policy to have access to query and visualize the CloudWatch data in the account. Attach the new 1AM policy to the new 1AM user.

D.

Create a new IAM user in the monitoring account. Create cross-account 1AM policies in each AWS account. Attach the 1AM policies to the new IAM user.

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Questions 170

A company wants to analyze and troubleshoot Access Denied errors and Unauthonzed errors that are related to 1AM permissions The company has AWS CloudTrail turned on Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST effort?

Options:

A.

Use AWS Glue and write custom scripts to query CloudTrail logs for the errors

B.

Use AWS Batch and write custom scripts to query CloudTrail logs for the errors

C.

Search CloudTrail logs with Amazon Athena queries to identify the errors

D.

Search CloudTrail logs with Amazon QuickSight. Create a dashboard to identify the errors.

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Questions 171

A company has established a new AWS account. The account is newly provisioned and no changes have been made to the default settings. The company is concerned about the security of the AWS account root user.

What should be done to secure the root user?

Options:

A.

Create 1AM users for daily administrative tasks. Disable the root user.

B.

Create 1AM users for daily administrative tasks. Enable multi-factor authentication on the root user.

C.

Generate an access key for the root user Use the access key for daily administration tasks instead of the AWS Management Console.

D.

Provide the root user credentials to the most senior solutions architect. Have the solutions architect use the root user for daily administration tasks.

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Questions 172

A security audit reveals that Amazon EC2 instances are not being patched regularly. A solutions architect needs to provide a solution that will run regular security scans across a large fleet of EC2 instances. The solution should also patch the EC2 instances on a regular schedule and provide a report of each instance's patch status.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Set up Amazon Macie to scan the EC2 instances for software vulnerabilities. Set up a cron job on each EC2 instance to patch the instance on a regular schedule.

B.

Turn on Amazon GuardDuty in the account. Configure GuardDuty to scan the EC2 instances for software vulnerabilities. Set up AWS Systems Manager Session Manager to patch the EC2 instances on a regular schedule.

C.

Set up Amazon Detective to scan the EC2 instances for software vulnerabilities. Set up an Amazon EventBridge scheduled rule to patch the EC2 instances on a regular schedule.

D.

Turn on Amazon Inspector in the account. Configure Amazon Inspector to scan the EC2 instances for software vulnerabilities. Set up AWS Systems Manager Patch Manager to patch the EC2 instances on a regular schedule.

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Questions 173

A company is running a photo hosting service in the us-east-1 Region. The service enables users across multiple countries to upload and view photos. Some photos are heavily viewed for months, and others are viewed for less than a week. The application allows uploads of up to 20 MB for each photo. The service uses the photo metadata to determine which photos to display to each user.

Which solution provides the appropriate user access MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Store the photos in Amazon DynamoDB. Turn on DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) to cache frequently viewed items.

B.

Store the photos in the Amazon S3 Intelligent-Tiering storage class. Store the photo metadata and its S3 location in DynamoDB.

C.

Store the photos in the Amazon S3 Standard storage class. Set up an S3 Lifecycle policy to move photos older than 30 days to the S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) storage class. Use the object tags to keep track of metadata.

D.

Store the photos in the Amazon S3 Glacier storage class. Set up an S3 Lifecycle policy to move photos older than 30 days to the S3 Glacier Deep Archive storage class. Store the photo metadata and its S3 location in Amazon OpenSearch Service.

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Questions 174

A company copies 200 TB of data from a recent ocean survey onto AWS Snowball Edge Storage Optimized devices. The company has a high performance computing (HPC) cluster that is hosted on AWS to look for oil and gas deposits. A solutions architect must provide the cluster with consistent sub-millisecond latency and high-throughput access to the data on the Snowball Edge Storage Optimized devices. The company is sending the devices back to AWS.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon S3 bucket. Import the data into the S3 bucket. Configure an AWS Storage Gateway file gateway to use the S3 bucket. Access the file gateway from the HPC cluster instances.

B.

Create an Amazon S3 bucket. Import the data into the S3 bucket. Configure an Amazon FSx for Lustre file system, and integrate it with the S3 bucket. Access the FSx for Lustre file system from the HPC cluster instances.

C.

Create an Amazon S3 bucket and an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system. Import the data into the S3 bucket. Copy the data from the S3 bucket to the EFS file system. Access the EFS file system from the HPC cluster instances.

D.

Create an Amazon FSx for Lustre file system. Import the data directly into the FSx for Lustre file system. Access the FSx for Lustre file system from the HPC cluster instances.

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Questions 175

A company's ecommerce website has unpredictable traffic and uses AWS Lambda functions to directly access a private Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL DB instance. The company wants to maintain predictable database performance and ensure that the Lambda invocations do not overload the database with too many connections.

What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Point the client driver at an RDS custom endpoint. Deploy the Lambda functions inside a VPC.

B.

Point the client driver at an RDS proxy endpoint. Deploy the Lambda functions inside a VPC.

C.

Point the client driver at an RDS custom endpoint. Deploy the Lambda functions outside a VPC.

D.

Point the client driver at an RDS proxy endpoint. Deploy the Lambda functions outside a VPC.

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Questions 176

A company has an AWS Direct Connect connection from its on-premises location to an AWS account The AWS account has 30 different VPCs in the same AWS Region The VPCs use private virtual interfaces (VIFs) Each VPC has a CIDR block that does not overlap with other networks under the company's control

The company wants to centrally manage the networking architecture while still allowing each VPC to communicate with all other VPCs and on-premises networks

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Create a transit gateway and associate the Direct Connect connection with a new transit VIF Turn on the transit gateway's route propagation feature

B.

Create a Direct Connect gateway Recreate the private VIFs to use the new gateway Associate each VPC by creating new virtual private gateways

C.

Create a transit VPC Connect the Direct Connect connection to the transit VPC Create a peenng connection between all other VPCs in the Region Update the route tables

D.

Create AWS Site-to-Site VPN connections from on premises to each VPC Ensure that both VPN tunnels are UP for each connection Turn on the route propagation feature

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Questions 177

A solutions architect wants to use the following JSON text as an identity-based policy to grant specific permissions:

Which IAM principals can the solutions architect attach this policy to? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Role

B.

Group

C.

Organization

D.

Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) resource

E.

Amazon EC2 resource

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Questions 178

A company stores multiple Amazon Machine Images (AMIs) in an AWS account to launch its Amazon EC2 instances. The AMIs contain critical data and configurations that are necessary for the company's operations. The company wants to implement a solution that will recover accidentally deleted AMIs quickly and efficiently.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Create Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) snapshots of the AMIs. Store the snapshots in a separate AWS account.

B.

Copy all AMIs to another AWS account periodically.

C.

Create a retention rule in Recycle Bin.

D.

Upload the AMIs to an Amazon S3 bucket that has Cross-Region Replication.

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Questions 179

A company is building a microservices-based application that will be deployed on Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS). The microservices will interact with each other. The company wants to ensure that the application is observable to identify performance issues in the future.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure the application to use Amazon ElastiCache to reduce the number of requests that are sent to the microservices.

B.

Configure Amazon CloudWatch Container Insights to collect metrics from the EKS clusters Configure AWS X-Ray to trace the requests between the microservices.

C.

Configure AWS CloudTrail to review the API calls. Build an Amazon QuickSight dashboard to observe the microservice interactions.

D.

Use AWS Trusted Advisor to understand the performance of the application.

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Questions 180

A financial services company wants to shut down two data centers and migrate more than 100 TB of data to AWS. The data has an intricate directory structure with millions of small files stored in deep hierarchies of subfolders. Most of the data is unstructured, and the company's file storage consists of SMB-based storage types from multiple vendors. The company does not want to change its applications to access the data after migration.

What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Use AWS Direct Connect to migrate the data to Amazon S3.

B.

Use AWS DataSync to migrate the data to Amazon FSx for Lustre.

C.

Use AWS DataSync to migrate the data to Amazon FSx for Windows File Server.

D.

Use AWS Direct Connect to migrate the data on-premises file storage to an AWS Storage Gateway volume gateway.

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Questions 181

A company's developers want a secure way to gain SSH access on the company's Amazon EC2 instances that run the latest version of Amazon Linux. The developers work remotely and in the corporate office.

The company wants to use AWS services as a part of the solution. The EC2 instances are hosted in a VPC private subnet and access the internet through a NAT gateway that is deployed in a public subnet.

What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Create a bastion host in the same subnet as the EC2 instances. Grant the ec2: CreateVpnConnection 1AM permission to the developers. Install EC2 Instance Connect so that the developers can connect to the EC2 instances.

B.

Create an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection between the corporate network and the VPC. Instruct the developers to use the Site-to-Site VPN connection to access the EC2 instances when the developers are on the corporate network. Instruct the developers to set up another VPN connection for access when they work remotely.

C.

Create a bastion host in the public subnet of the VPC. Configure the security groups and SSH keys of the bastion host to only allow connections and SSH authentication from the developers' corporate and remote networks. Instruct the developers to connect through the bastion host by using SSH to reach the EC2 instances.

D.

Attach the AmazonSSMManagedlnstanceCore 1AM policy to an 1AM role that is associated with the EC2 instances. Instruct the developers to use AWS Systems Manager Session Manager to access the EC2 instances.

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Questions 182

A company is designing a new web application that will run on Amazon EC2 Instances. The application will use Amazon DynamoDB for backend data storage. The application traffic will be unpredictable. T company expects that the application read and write throughput to the database will be moderate to high. The company needs to scale in response to application traffic.

Which DynamoDB table configuration will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Configure DynamoDB with provisioned read and write by using the DynamoDB Standard table class. Set DynamoDB auto scaling to a maximum defined capacity.

B.

Configure DynamoDB in on-demand mode by using the DynamoDB Standard table class.

C.

Configure DynamoDB with provisioned read and write by using the DynamoDB Standard Infrequent Access (DynamoDB Standard-IA) table class. Set DynamoDB auto scaling to a maximum defined capacity.

D.

Configure DynamoDB in on-demand mode by using the DynamoDB Standard Infrequent Access (DynamoDB Standard-IA) table class.

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Questions 183

A company has a business-critical application that runs on Amazon EC2 instances. The application stores data in an Amazon DynamoDB table. The company must be able to revert the table to any point within the last 24 hours.

Which solution meets these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Configure point-in-time recovery for the table.

B.

Use AWS Backup for the table.

C.

Use an AWS Lambda function to make an on-demand backup of the table every hour.

D.

Turn on streams on the table to capture a log of all changes to the table in the last 24 hours Store a copy of the stream in an Amazon S3 bucket.

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Questions 184

A company runs a Java-based job on an Amazon EC2 instance. The job runs every hour and takes 10 seconds to run. The job runs on a scheduled interval and consumes 1 GB of memory. The CPU utilization of the instance is low except for short surges during which the job uses the maximum CPU available. The company wants to optimize the costs to run the job.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use AWS App2Container (A2C) to containerize the job. Run the job as an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) task on AWS Fargate with 0.5 virtual CPU (vCPU) and 1 GB of memory.

B.

Copy the code into an AWS Lambda function that has 1 GB of memory. Create an Amazon EventBridge scheduled rule to run the code each hour.

C.

Use AWS App2Container (A2C) to containerize the job. Install the container in the existing Amazon Machine Image (AMI). Ensure that the schedule stops the container when the task finishes.

D.

Configure the existing schedule to stop the EC2 instance at the completion of the job and restart the EC2 instance when the next job starts.

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Questions 185

A company website hosted on Amazon EC2 instances processes classified data stored in The application writes data to Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volumes The company needs to ensure that all data that is written to the EBS volumes is encrypted at rest.

Which solution will meet this requirement?

Options:

A.

Create an 1AM role that specifies EBS encryption Attach the role to the EC2 instances

B.

Create the EBS volumes as encrypted volumes Attach the EBS volumes to the EC2 instances

C.

Create an EC2 instance tag that has a key of Encrypt and a value of True Tag all instances that require encryption at the EBS level

D.

Create an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key policy that enforces EBS encryption in the account Ensure that the key policy is active

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Questions 186

A solutions architect is designing a shared storage solution for a web application that is deployed across multiple Availability Zones The web application runs on Amazon EC2 instances that are in an Auto Scaling group The company plans to make frequent changes to the content The solution must have strong consistency in returning the new content as soon as the changes occur.

Which solutions meet these requirements? (Select TWO)

Options:

A.

Use AWS Storage Gateway Volume Gateway Internet Small Computer Systems Interface (iSCSI) block storage that is mounted to the individual EC2 instances

B.

Create an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system Mount the EFS file system on the individual EC2 instances

C.

Create a shared Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume. Mount the EBS volume on the individual EC2 instances.

D.

Use AWS DataSync to perform continuous synchronization of data between EC2 hosts in the Auto Scaling group

E.

Create an Amazon S3 bucket to store the web content Set the metadata for the Cache-Control header to no-cache Use Amazon CloudFront to deliver the content

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Questions 187

A company wants to use NAT gateways in its AWS environment. The company's Amazon EC2 instances in private subnets must be able to connect to the public internet through the NAT gateways.

Which solution will meet these requirements'?

Options:

A.

Create public NAT gateways in the same private subnets as the EC2 instances

B.

Create private NAT gateways in the same private subnets as the EC2 instances

C.

Create public NAT gateways in public subnets in the same VPCs as the EC2 instances

D.

Create private NAT gateways in public subnets in the same VPCs as the EC2 instances

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Questions 188

A company runs a highly available web application on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer The company uses Amazon CloudWatch metrics

As the traffic to the web application Increases, some EC2 instances become overloaded with many outstanding requests The CloudWatch metrics show that the number of requests processed and the time to receive the responses from some EC2 instances are both higher compared to other EC2 instances The company does not want new requests to be forwarded to the EC2 instances that are already overloaded.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use the round robin routing algorithm based on the RequestCountPerTarget and Active Connection Count CloudWatch metrics.

B.

Use the least outstanding requests algorithm based on the RequestCountPerTarget and ActiveConnectionCount CloudWatch metrics.

C.

Use the round robin routing algorithm based on the RequestCount and TargetResponseTime CloudWatch metrics.

D.

Use the least outstanding requests algorithm based on the RequestCount and TargetResponseTime CloudWatch metrics.

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Questions 189

A company stores text files in Amazon S3. The text files include customer chat messages, date and time information, and customer personally identifiable information (Pll).

The company needs a solution to provide samples of the conversations to an external service provider for quality control. The external service provider needs to randomly pick sample conversations up to the most recent conversation. The company must not share the customer Pll with the external service provider. The solution must scale when the number of customer conversations increases.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Create an Object Lambda Access Point. Create an AWS Lambda function that redacts the Pll when the function reads the file. Instruct the external service provider to access the Object Lambda Access Point.

B.

Create a batch process on an Amazon EC2 instance that regularly reads all new files, redacts the Pll from the files, and writes the redacted files to a different S3 bucket. Instruct the external service provider to access the bucket that does not contain the Pll.

C.

Create a web application on an Amazon EC2 instance that presents a list of the files, redacts the Pll from the files, and allows the external service provider to download new versions of the files that have the Pll redacted.

D.

Create an Amazon DynamoDB table. Create an AWS Lambda function that reads only the data in the files that does not contain Pll. Configure the Lambda function to store the non-PII data in the DynamoDB table when a new file is written to Amazon S3. Grant the external service provider access to the DynamoDB table.

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Questions 190

A company has multiple AWS accounts with applications deployed in the us-west-2 Region Application logs are stored within Amazon S3 buckets in each account The company wants to build a centralized log analysis solution that uses a single S3 bucket Logs must not leave us-west-2, and the company wants to incur minimal operational overhead

Which solution meets these requirements and is MOST cost-effective?

Options:

A.

Create an S3 Lifecycle policy that copies the objects from one of the application S3 buckets to the centralized S3 bucket

B.

Use S3 Same-Region Replication to replicate logs from the S3 buckets to another S3 bucket in us-west-2 Use this S3 bucket for log analysis.

C.

Write a script that uses the PutObject API operation every day to copy the entire contents of the buckets to another S3 bucket in us-west-2 Use this S3 bucket for log analysis.

D.

Write AWS Lambda functions in these accounts that are triggered every time logs are delivered to the S3 buckets (s3 ObjectCreated a event) Copy the logs to another S3 bucket in us-west-2. Use this S3 bucket for log analysis.

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Questions 191

A company uses AWS Organizations to run workloads within multiple AWS accounts A tagging policy adds department tags to AWS resources when the company creates tags.

An accounting team needs to determine spending on Amazon EC2 consumption The accounting team must determine which departments are responsible for the costs regardless of AWS account The accounting team has access to AWS Cost Explorer for all AWS accounts within the organization and needs to access all reports from Cost Explorer.

Which solution meets these requirements in the MOST operationally efficient way'?

Options:

A.

From the Organizations management account billing console, activate a user-defined cost allocation tag named department Create one cost report in Cost Explorer grouping by tag name, and filter by EC2.

B.

From the Organizations management account billing console, activate an AWS-defined cost allocation tag named department. Create one cost report in Cost Explorer grouping by tag name, and filter by EC2.

C.

From the Organizations member account billing console, activate a user-defined cost allocation tag named department. Create one cost report in Cost Explorer grouping by the tag name, and filter by EC2.

D.

From the Organizations member account billing console, activate an AWS-defined cost allocation tag named department. Create one cost report in Cost Explorer grouping by tag name and filter by EC2.

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Questions 192

A development team is collaborating with another company to create an integrated product. The other company needs to access an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue that is contained in the development team's account. The other company wants to poll the queue without giving up its own account permissions to do so.

How should a solutions architect provide access to the SQS queue?

Options:

A.

Create an instance profile that provides the other company access to the SQS queue.

B.

Create an 1AM policy that provides the other company access to the SQS queue.

C.

Create an SQS access policy that provides the other company access to the SQS queue.

D.

Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) access policy that provides the other company access to the SQS queue.

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Questions 193

A company wants to configure its Amazon CloudFront distribution to use SSL/TLS certificates. The company does not want to use the default domain name for the distribution. Instead, the company wants to use a different domain name for the distribution.

Which solution will deploy the certificate with icurring any additional costs?

Options:

A.

Request an Amazon issued private certificate from AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) in the us-east-1 Region

B.

Request an Amazon issued private certificate from AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) in the us-west-1 Region.

C.

Request an Amazon issued public certificate from AWS Certificate Manager (ACU) in the us-east-1 Region

D.

Request an Amazon issued public certificate from AWS Certificate Manager (ACU) in the us-west-1 Regon.

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Questions 194

A company needs to extract the names of ingredients from recipe records that are stored as text files in an Amazon S3 bucket A web application will use the ingredient names to query an Amazon DynamoDB table and determine a nutrition score.

The application can handle non-food records and errors The company does not have any employees who have machine learning knowledge to develop this solution

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Use S3 Event Notifications to invoke an AWS Lambda function when PutObject requests occur Program the Lambda function to analyze the object and extract the ingredient names by using Amazon Comprehend Store the Amazon Comprehend output in the DynamoDB table.

B.

Use an Amazon EventBridge rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function when PutObject requests occur. Program the Lambda function to analyze the object by using Amazon Forecast to extract the ingredient names Store the Forecast output in the DynamoDB table.

C.

Use S3 Event Notifications to invoke an AWS Lambda function when PutObject requests occur Use Amazon Polly to create audio recordings of the recipe records. Save the audio files in the S3 bucket Use Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) to send a URL as a message to employees Instruct the employees to listen to the audio files and calculate the nutrition score Store the ingredient names in the DynamoDB table.

D.

Use an Amazon EventBridge rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function when a PutObject request occurs Program the Lambda function to analyze the object and extract the ingredient names by using Amazon SageMaker Store the inference output from the SageMaker endpoint in the DynamoDB table.

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Questions 195

A gaming company wants to launch a new internet-facing application in multiple AWS Regions The application will use the TCP and UDP protocols for communication. The company needs to provide high availability and minimum latency for global users.

Which combination of actions should a solutions architect take to meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Create internal Network Load Balancers in front of the application in each Region.

B.

Create external Application Load Balancers in front of the application in each Region.

C.

Create an AWS Global Accelerator accelerator to route traffic to the load balancers in each Region.

D.

Configure Amazon Route 53 to use a geolocation routing policy to distribute the traffic.

E.

Configure Amazon CloudFront to handle the traffic and route requests to the application in each Region.

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Questions 196

A company hosts a three-tier ecommerce application on a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances. The instances run in an Auto Scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) All ecommerce data is stored in an Amazon RDS for ManaDB Multi-AZ DB instance

The company wants to optimize customer session management during transactions The application must store session data durably

Which solutions will meet these requirements? (Select TWO )

Options:

A.

Turn on the sticky sessions feature (session affinity) on the ALB

B.

Use an Amazon DynamoDB table to store customer session information

C.

Deploy an Amazon Cognito user pool to manage user session information

D.

Deploy an Amazon ElastiCache for Redis cluster to store customer session information

E.

Use AWS Systems Manager Application Manager in the application to manage user session information

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Questions 197

A company has a web application with sporadic usage patterns There is heavy usage at the beginning of each month moderate usage at the start of each week and unpredictable usage during the week The application consists of a web server and a MySQL database server running inside the data center The company would like to move the application to the AWS Cloud and needs to select a cost-effective database platform that will not require database modifications

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Amazon DynamoDB

B.

Amazon RDS for MySQL

C.

MySQL-compatible Amazon Aurora Serverless

D.

MySQL deployed on Amazon EC2 in an Auto Scaling group

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Questions 198

A company is planning to migrate a commercial off-the-shelf application from is on-premises data center to AWS. The software has a software licensing model using sockets and cores with predictable capacity and uptime requirements. The company wants to use its existing licenses, which were purchased earlier this year.

Which Amazon EC2 pricing option is the MOST cost-effective?

Options:

A.

Dedicated Reserved Hosts

B.

Dedicated On-Demand Hosts

C.

Dedicated Reserved Instances

D.

Dedicated On-Oemand Instances

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Questions 199

A company runs a web application on Amazon EC2 instances in multiple Availability Zones. The EC2 instances are in private subnets. A solutions architect implements an internet-facing Application Load Balancer (ALB) and specifies the EC2 instances as the target group. However, the internet traffic is not reaching the EC2 instances.

How should the solutions architect reconfigure the architecture to resolve this issue?

Options:

A.

Replace the ALB with a Network Load Balancer. Configure a NAT gateway in a public subnet to allow internet traffic.

B.

Move the EC2 instances to public subnets. Add a rule to the EC2 instances’ security groups to allow outbound traffic to 0.0.0.0/0.

C.

Update the route tables for the EC2 instances’ subnets to send 0.0.0.0/0 traffic through the internet gateway route. Add a rule to the EC2 instances’ security groups to allow outbound traffic to 0.0.0.0/0.

D.

Create public subnets in each Availability Zone. Associate the public subnets with the ALB. Update the route tables for the public subnets with a route to the private subnets.

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Questions 200

A meteorological startup company has a custom web application to sell weather data to its users online. The company uses Amazon DynamoDB to store is data and wants to bu4d a new service that sends an alert to the managers of four Internal teams every time a new weather event is recorded. The company does not want true new service to affect the performance of the current application

What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirement with the LEAST amount of operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Use DynamoDB transactions to write new event data to the table Configure the transactions to notify internal teams.

B.

Have the current application publish a message to four Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topics. Have each team subscribe to one topic.

C.

Enable Amazon DynamoDB Streams on the table. Use triggers to write to a mingle Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to which the teams can subscribe.

D.

Add a custom attribute to each record to flag new items. Write a cron job that scans the table every minute for items that are new and notifies an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SOS) queue to which the teams can subscribe.

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Questions 201

A company is planning to store data on Amazon RDS DB instances. The company must encrypt the data at rest.

What should a solutions architect do to meet this requirement?

Options:

A.

Create an encryption key and store the key in AWS Secrets Manager Use the key to encrypt the DB instances

B.

Generate a certificate in AWS Certificate Manager (ACM). Enable SSL/TLS on the DB instances by using the certificate

C.

Create a customer master key (CMK) in AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) Enable encryption for the DB instances

D.

Generate a certificate in AWS Identity and Access Management {IAM) Enable SSUTLS on the DB instances by using the certificate

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Questions 202

A solutions architect must secure a VPC network that hosts Amazon EC2 instances The EC2 ^stances contain highly sensitive data and tun n a private subnet According to company policy the EC2 instances mat run m the VPC can access only approved third-party software repositories on the internet for software product updates that use the third party's URL Other internet traffic must be blocked.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Update the route table for the private subnet to route the outbound traffic to an AWS Network Firewall. Configure domain list rule groups

B.

Set up an AWS WAF web ACL. Create a custom set of rules that filter traffic requests based on source and destination IP address range sets.

C.

Implement strict inbound security group roles Configure an outbound rule that allows traffic only to the authorized software repositories on the internet by specifying the URLs

D.

Configure an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in front of the EC2 instances. Direct an outbound traffic to the ALB Use a URL-based rule listener in the ALB's target group for outbound access to the internet

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Questions 203

A company will deployed a web application on AWS. The company hosts the backend database on Amazon RDS for MySQL with a primary DB instance and five read replicas to support scaling needs. The read replicas must log no more than 1 second bahind the primary DB Instance. The database routinely runs scheduled stored procedures.

As traffic on the website increases, the replicas experinces addtional lag during periods of peak lead. A solutions architect must reduce the replication lag as much as possible. The solutions architect must minimize changes to the applicatin code and must minimize ongoing overhead.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Migrate the database to Amazon Aurora MySQL. Replace the read replicas with Aurora Replicas, and configure Aurora Auto Scaling. Replace the stored procedures with Aurora MySQL native functions.

Deploy an Amazon ElasticCache for Redis cluser in front of the database. Modify the application to check the cache before the application queries the database. Repace the stored procedures with AWS Lambda funcions.

Options:

A.

Migrate the database to a MYSQL database that runs on Amazn EC2 instances. Choose large, compute optimized for all replica nodes. Maintain the stored procedures on the EC2 instances.

B.

Deploy an Amazon ElastiCache for Redis cluster in fornt of the database. Modify the application to check the cache before the application queries the database. Replace the stored procedures with AWS Lambda functions.

C.

Migrate the database to a MySQL database that runs on Amazon EC2 instances. Choose large, compute optimized EC2 instances for all replica nodes, Maintain the stored procedures on the EC2 instances.

D.

Migrate the database to Amazon DynamoDB, Provision number of read capacity units (RCUs) to support the required throughput, and configure on-demand capacity scaling. Replace the stored procedures with DynamoDB streams.

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Questions 204

A company runs an internal browser-based application The application runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The instances run in an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones. The Auto Scaling group scales up to 20 instances during work hours but scales down to 2 instances overnight Staff are complaining that the application is very slow when the day begins although it runs well by mid-morning.

How should the scaling be changed to address the staff complaints and keep costs to a minimum'?

Options:

A.

Implement a scheduled action that sets the desired capacity to 20 shortly before the office opens

B.

Implement a step scaling action triggered at a lower CPU threshold, and decrease the cooldown period.

C.

Implement a target tracking action triggered at a lower CPU threshold, and decrease the cooldown period.

D.

Implement a scheduled action that sets the minimum and maximum capacity to 20 shortly before the office opens

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Questions 205

A company s order system sends requests from clients to Amazon EC2 instances The EC2 instances process the orders and men store the orders in a database on Amazon RDS Users report that they must reprocess orders when the system fails. The company wants a resilient solution that can process orders automatically it a system outage occurs.

What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Move (he EC2 Instances into an Auto Scaling group Create an Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) rule to target an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) task

B.

Move the EC2 instances into an Auto Scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) Update the order system to send messages to the ALB endpoint.

C.

Move the EC2 instances into an Auto Scaling group Configure the order system to send messages to an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue Configure the EC2 instances to consume messages from the queue

D.

Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic Create an AWS Lambda function, and subscribe the function to the SNS topic Configure the order system to send messages to the SNS topic Send a command to the EC2 instances to process the messages by using AWS Systems Manager Run Command

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Questions 206

A company stores confidential data in an Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL database in the ap-southeast-3 Region The database is encrypted with an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) customer managed key The company was recently acquired and must securely share a backup of the database with the acquiring company's AWS account in ap-southeast-3.

What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a database snapshot Copy the snapshot to a new unencrypted snapshot Share the new snapshot with the acquiring company's AWS account

B.

Create a database snapshot Add the acquiring company's AWS account to the KMS key policy Share the snapshot with the acquiring company's AWS account

C.

Create a database snapshot that uses a different AWS managed KMS key Add the acquiring company's AWS account to the KMS key alias. Share the snapshot with the acquiring company's AWS account.

D.

Create a database snapshot Download the database snapshot Upload the database snapshot to an Amazon S3 bucket Update the S3 bucket policy to allow access from the acquiring company's AWS account

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Questions 207

A company wants to run an in-memory database for a latency-sensitive application that runs on Amazon EC2 instances. The application processes more than 100,000 transactions each minute and requires high network throughput. A solutions architect needs to provide a cost-effective network design that minimizes data transfer charges.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Launch all EC2 instances in the same Availability Zone within the same AWS Region. Specify a placement group with cluster strategy when launching EC2 instances.

B.

Launch all EC2 instances in different Availability Zones within the same AWS Region. Specify a placement group with partition strategy when launching EC2 instances.

C.

Deploy an Auto Scaling group to launch EC2 instances in different Availability Zones based on a network utilization target.

D.

Deploy an Auto Scaling group with a step scaling policy to launch EC2 instances in different Availability Zones.

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Questions 208

A company is running a batch application on Amazon EC2 instances. The application consists of a backend with multiple Amazon RDS databases. The application is causing a high number of leads on the databases. A solutions architect must reduce the number of database reads while ensuring high availability.

What should the solutions architect do to meet this requirement?

Options:

A.

Add Amazon RDS read replicas

B.

Use Amazon ElastCache for Redis

C.

Use Amazon Route 53 DNS caching

D.

Use Amazon ElastiCache for Memcached

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Questions 209

A solutions architect is designing a multi-tier application for a company. The application's users upload images from a mobile device. The application generates a thumbnail of each image and returns a message to the user to confirm that the image was uploaded successfully.

The thumbnail generation can take up to 60 seconds, but the company wants to provide a faster response time to its users to notify them that the original image was received. The solutions architect must design the application to asynchronously dispatch requests to the different application tiers.

What should the solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Write a custom AWS Lambda function to generate the thumbnail and alert the user. Use the image upload process as an event source to invoke the Lambda function.

B.

Create an AWS Step Functions workflow Configure Step Functions to handle the orchestration between the application tiers and alert the user when thumbnail generation is complete

C.

Create an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) message queue. As images are uploaded, place a message on the SQS queue for thumbnail generation. Alert the user through an application message that the image was received

D.

Create Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) notification topics and subscriptions Use one subscription with the application to generate the thumbnail after the image upload is complete. Use a second subscription to message the user's mobile app by way of a push notification after thumbnail generation is complete.

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Questions 210

A company is building a mobile app on AWS. The company wants to expand its reach to millions of users The company needs to build a platform so that authorized users can watch the company's content on their mobile devices

What should a solutions architect recommend to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Publish content to a public Amazon S3 bucket. Use AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) keys to stream content.

B.

Set up IPsec VPN between the mobile app and the AWS environment to stream content

C.

Use Amazon CloudFront Provide signed URLs to stream content.

D.

Set up AWS Client VPN between the mobile app and the AWS environment to stream content.

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Questions 211

A company has a three-tier application on AWS that ingests sensor data from its users' devices The traffic flows through a Network Load Balancer (NLB) then to Amazon EC2 instances for the web tier and finally to EC2 instances for the application tier The application tier makes calls to a database

What should a solutions architect do to improve the security of the data in transit?

Options:

A.

Configure a TLS listener Deploy the server certrficate on the NLB

B.

Configure AWS Shield Advanced Enable AWS WAF on the NLB

C.

Change the load balancer to an Application Load Balancer (ALB) Enable AWS WAF on the ALB

D.

Encrypt the Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume on the EC2 instances by using AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS)

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Questions 212

A company that primarily runs its application servers on premises has decided to migrate to AWS. The company wants to minimize its need to scale its Internet Small

Computer Systems Interface (iSCSI) storage on premises. The company wants only its recently accessed data to remain stored locally.

Which AWS solution should the company use to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Amazon S3 File Gateway

B.

AWS Storage Gateway Tape Gateway

C.

AWS Storage Gateway Volume Gateway stored volumes

D.

AWS Storage Gateway Volume Gateway cachea volumes

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Questions 213

A company has an on-premises MySQL database used by the global tales team with infrequent access patterns. The sales team requires the database to have minimal downtime. A database administrate wants to migrate this database to AWS without selecting a particular instance type in anticipation of more users In the future.

Which service should a solutions architect recommend?

Options:

A.

Amazon Aurora MySQL

B.

Amazon Aurora Serverless tor MySQL

C.

Amazon Redshift Spectrum

D.

Amazon RDS for MySQL

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Questions 214

A company runs a fleet of web servers using an Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL DB instance After a routine compliance check, the company sets a standard that requires a recovery pant objective (RPO) of less than 1 second for all its production databases.

Which solution meets these requirement?

Options:

A.

Enable a Multi-AZ deployment for the DB Instance

B.

Enable auto scaling for the OB instance m one Availability Zone.

C.

Configure the 06 instance in one Availability Zone and create multiple read replicas in a separate Availability Zone

D.

Configure the 06 instance in one Availability Zone, and configure AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) change data capture (CDC) tasks

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Questions 215

A company provides an API to its users that automates inquiries for tax computations based on item prices. The company experiences a larger number of inquiries during the holiday season only that cause slower response times. A solutions architect needs to design a solution that is scalable and elastic.

What should the solutions architect do to accomplish this?

Options:

A.

Provide an API hosted on an Amazon EC2 instance. The EC2 instance performs the required computations when the API request is made.

B.

Design a REST API using Amazon API Gateway that accepts the item names. API Gateway passes item names to AWS Lambda for tax computations.

C.

Create an Application Load Balancer that has two Amazon EC2 instances behind it. The EC2 instances will compute the tax on the received item names.

D.

Design a REST API using Amazon API Gateway that connects with an API hosted on an Amazon EC2 instance. API Gateway accepts and passes the item names to the EC2 instance for tax computations.

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Questions 216

A company is building a data analysis platform on AWS by using AWS Lake Formation. The platform will ingest data from different sources such as Amazon S3 and Amazon RDS. The company needs a secure solution to prevent access to portions of the data that contain sensitive information.

Options:

A.

Create an IAM role that includes permissions to access Lake Formation tables.

B.

Create data filters to implement row-level security and cell-level security.

C.

Create an AWS Lambda function that removes sensitive information before Lake Formation ingests re data.

D.

Create an AWS Lambda function that perodically Queries and removes sensitive information from Lake Formation tables.

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Questions 217

A solutions architect is creating a new VPC design There are two public subnets for the load balancer, two private subnets for web servers and two private subnets for MySQL The web servers use only HTTPS The solutions architect has already created a security group tor the load balancer allowing port 443 from 0 0 0 0/0 Company policy requires that each resource has the teas! access required to still be able to perform its tasks

Which additional configuration strategy should the solutions architect use to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a security group for the web servers and allow port 443 from 0.0.0.0/0 Create a security group for the MySQL servers and allow port 3306 from the web servers security group

B.

Create a network ACL for the web servers and allow port 443 from 0.0.0.0/0 Create a network ACL (or the MySQL servers and allow port 3306 from the web servers security group

C.

Create a security group for the web servers and allow port 443 from the load balancer Create a security group for the MySQL servers and allow port 3306 from the web servers security group

D.

Create a network ACL 'or the web servers and allow port 443 from the load balancer Create a network ACL for the MySQL servers and allow port 3306 from the web servers security group

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Questions 218

A company has an On-premises volume backup solution that has reached its end of life. The company wants to use AWS as part of a new backup solution and wants to maintain local access to all the data while it is backed up on AWS. The company wants to ensure that the data backed up on AWS is automatically and securely transferred.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use AWS Snowball to migrate data out of the on-premises solution to Amazon S3. Configure on-premises systems to mount the Snowball S3 endpoint to provide local access to the data.

B.

Use AWS Snowball Edge to migrate data out of the on-premises solution to Amazon S3.Use the Snowball Edge file interface to provide on-premises systems with local access to the data.

C.

Use AWS Storage Gateway and configure a cached volume gateway. Run the Storage Gateway software application on premises and configure a percentage of data to cache locally. Mount the gateway storage volumes to provide local access to the data.

D.

Use AWS Storage Gateway and configure a stored volume gateway. Run the Storage software application on premises and map the gateway storage volumes to on-premises storage. Mount the gateway storage volumes to provide local access to the data.

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Questions 219

A company has a web server running on an Amazon EC2 instance in a public subnet with an Elastic IP address. The default security group is assigned to the EC2 instance. The default network ACL has been modified to block all traffic. A solutions architect needs to make the web server accessible from everywhere on port 443.

Which combination of steps will accomplish this task? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

Create a security group with a rule to allow TCP port 443 from source 0.0.0.0/0.

B.

Create a security group with a rule to allow TCP port 443 to destination 0.0.0.0/0.

C.

Update the network ACL to allow TCP port 443 from source 0.0.0.0/0.

D.

Update the network ACL to allow inbound/outbound TCP port 443 from source 0.0.0.0/0 and to destination 0.0.0.0/0.

E.

Update the network ACL to allow inbound TCP port 443 from source 0.0.0.0/0 and outbound TCP port 32768-65535 to destination 0.0.0.0/0.

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Questions 220

A company is running a publicly accessible serverless application that uses Amazon API Gateway and AWS Lambda. The application's traffic recently spiked due to fraudulent requests from botnets.

Which steps should a solutions architect take to block requests from unauthorized users? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Create a usage plan with an API key that is shared with genuine users only.

B.

Integrate logic within the Lambda function to ignore the requests from fraudulent IP addresses.

C.

Implement an AWS WAF rule to target malicious requests and trigger actions to filter them out.

D.

Convert the existing public API to a private API. Update the DNS records to redirect users to the new API endpoint.

E.

Create an IAM role for each user attempting to access the API. A user will assume the role when making the API call.

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Questions 221

A company collects data from thousands of remote devices by using a RESTful web services application that runs on an Amazon EC2 instance. The EC2 instance receives the raw data, transforms the raw data, and stores all the data in an Amazon S3 bucket. The number of remote devices will increase into the millions soon. The company needs a highly scalable solution that minimizes operational overhead.

Which combination of steps should a solutions architect take to meet these requirements9 (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Use AWS Glue to process the raw data in Amazon S3.

B.

Use Amazon Route 53 to route traffic to different EC2 instances.

C.

Add more EC2 instances to accommodate the increasing amount of incoming data.

D.

Send the raw data to Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SOS). Use EC2 instances to process the data.

E.

Use Amazon API Gateway to send the raw data to an Amazon Kinesis data stream. Configure Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose to use the data stream as a source to deliver the data to Amazon S3.

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Questions 222

A company hosts rts sialic website by using Amazon S3 The company wants to add a contact form to its webpage The contact form will have dynamic server-sKle components for users to input their name, email address, phone number and user message The company anticipates that there will be fewer than 100 site visits each month

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Host a dynamic contact form page in Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) Set up Amazon Simple Email Service (Amazon SES) to connect to any third-party email provider.

B.

Create an Amazon API Gateway endpoinl with an AWS Lambda backend that makes a call to Amazon Simple Email Service (Amazon SES)

C.

Convert the static webpage to dynamic by deploying Amazon Ughtsail Use client-side scnpting to build the contact form Integrate the form with Amazon WorkMail

D.

Create a Q micro Amazon EC2 instance Deploy a LAMP (Linux Apache MySQL. PHP/Perl/Python) stack to host the webpage Use client-side scripting to buiW the contact form Integrate the form with Amazon WorkMail

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Questions 223

A company wants to deploy a new public web application on AWS The application includes a web server tier that uses Amazon EC2 instances The application also includes a database tier that uses an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance

The application must be secure and accessible for global customers that have dynamic IP addresses

How should a solutions architect configure the security groups to meet these requirements'?

Options:

A.

Configure the security group tor the web servers lo allow inbound traffic on port 443 from 0.0.0. 0/0) Configure the security group for the DB instance to allow inbound traffic on port 3306 from the security group of the web servers

B.

Configure the security group for the web servers to allow inbound traffic on port 443 from the IP addresses of the customers Configure the security group for the DB instance lo allow inbound traffic on port 3306 from the security group of the web servers

C.

Configure the security group for the web servers to allow inbound traffic on port 443 from the IP addresses of the customers Configure the security group for the DB instance to allow inbound traffic on port 3306 from the IP addresses of the customers

D.

Configure the security group for the web servers to allow inbound traffic on port 443 from 0.0.0.0.0 Configure the security group for the DB instance to allow inbound traffic on port 3306 from 0.0.0.0/0)

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Questions 224

A company has a regional subscription-based streaming service that runs in a single AWS Region. The architecture consists of web servers and application servers on Amazon EC2 instances. The EC2 instances are in Auto Scaling groups behind Elastic Load Balancers. The architecture includes an Amazon Aurora database cluster that extends across multiple Availability Zones.

The company wants to expand globally and to ensure that its application has minimal downtime.

Options:

A.

Extend the Auto Scaling groups for the web tier and the application tier to deploy instances in Availability Zones in a second Region. Use an Aurora global database to deploy the database in the primary Region and the second Region. Use Amazon Route 53 health checks with a failover routing policy to the second Region.

B.

Deploy the web tier and the application tier to a second Region. Add an Aurora PostgreSQL cross-Region Aurara Replica in the second Region. Use Amazon Route 53 health checks with a failovers routing policy to the second Region, Promote the secondary to primary as needed.

C.

Deploy the web tier and the applicatin tier to a second Region. Create an Aurora PostSQL database in the second Region. Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) to replicate the primary database to the second Region. Use Amazon Route 53 health checks with a failover routing policy to the second Region.

D.

Deploy the web tier and the application tier to a second Region. Use an Amazon Aurora global database to deploy the database in the primary Region and the second Region. Use Amazon Route 53 health checks with a failover routing policy to the second Region. Promote the secondary to primary as needed.

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Questions 225

A company hosts a web application on multiple Amazon EC2 instances The EC2 instances are in an Auto Scaling group that scales in response to user demand The company wants to optimize cost savings without making a long-term commitment

Which EC2 instance purchasing option should a solutions architect recommend to meet these requirements'?

Options:

A.

Dedicated Instances only

B.

On-Demand Instances only

C.

A mix of On-Demand instances and Spot Instances

D.

A mix of On-Demand instances and Reserved instances

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Questions 226

An ecommerce company is experiencing an increase in user traffic. The company's store is deployed on Amazon EC2 instances as a two-tier web application consisting of a web tier and a separate database tier. As traffic increases, the company notices that the architecture is causing significant delays in sending timely marketing and order confirmation email to users. The company wants to reduce the time it spends resolving complex email delivery issues and minimize operational overhead.

What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a separate application tier using EC2 instances dedicated to email processing.

B.

Configure the web instance to send email through Amazon Simple Email Service (Amazon SES).

C.

Configure the web instance to send email through Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS)

D.

Create a separate application tier using EC2 instances dedicated to email processing. Place the instances in an Auto Scaling group.

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Questions 227

A payment processing company records all voice communication with its customers and stores the audio files in an Amazon S3 bucket. The company needs to capture

the text from the audio files. The company must remove from the text any personally identifiable information (Pll) that belongs to customers.

What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Process the audio files by using Amazon Kinesis Video Streams. Use an AWS Lambda function to scan for known Pll patterns.

B.

When an audio file is uploaded to the S3 bucket, invoke an AWS Lambda function to start an Amazon Textract task to analyze the call recordings.

C.

Configure an Amazon Transcribe transcription job with Pll redaction turned on. When an audio file is uploaded to the S3 bucket, invoke an AWS Lambda function to start the transcription job. Store the output in a separate S3 bucket.

D.

Create an Amazon Connect contact flow that ingests the audio files with transcription turned on. Embed an AWS Lambda function to scan for known Pll patterns. Use Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) to start the contact flow when an audio file is uploaded to the S3 bucket.

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Questions 228

A company has implemented a self-managed DNS service on AWS. The solution consists of the following:

• Amazon EC2 instances in different AWS Regions

• Endpomts of a standard accelerator m AWS Global Accelerator

The company wants to protect the solution against DDoS attacks What should a solutions architect do to meet this requirement?

Options:

A.

Subscribe to AWS Shield Advanced Add the accelerator as a resource to protect

B.

Subscribe to AWS Shield Advanced Add the EC2 instances as resources to protect

C.

Create an AWS WAF web ACL that includes a rate-based rule Associate the web ACL with the accelerator

D.

Create an AWS WAF web ACL that includes a rate-based rule Associate the web ACL with the EC2 instances

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Questions 229

A company has an application that collects data from loT sensors on automobiles. The data is streamed and stored in Amazon S3 through Amazon Kinesis Date Firehose The data produces trillions of S3 objects each year. Each morning, the company uses the data from the previous 30 days to retrain a suite of machine learning (ML) models.

Four times each year, the company uses the data from the previous 12 months to perform analysis and train other ML models The data must be available with minimal delay for up to 1 year. After 1 year, the data must be retained for archival purposes.

Which storage solution meets these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Use the S3 Intelligent-Tiering storage class. Create an S3 Lifecycle policy to transition objects to S3 Glacier Deep Archive after 1 year

B.

Use the S3 Intelligent-Tiering storage class. Configure S3 Intelligent-Tiering to automatically move objects to S3 Glacier Deep Archive after 1 year.

C.

Use the S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) storage class. Create an S3 Lifecycle policy to transition objects to S3 Glacier Deep Archive after 1 year.

D.

Use the S3 Standard storage class. Create an S3 Lifecycle policy to transition objects to S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) after 30 days, and then to S3 Glacier Deep Archive after 1 year.

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Questions 230

A rapidly growing ecommerce company is running its workloads in a single AWS Region. A solutions architect must create a disaster recovery (DR) strategy that includes a different AWS Region The company wants its database to be up to date in the DR Region with the least possible latency The remaining infrastructure in the DR Region needs to run at reduced capacity and must be able to scale up it necessary

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LOWEST recovery time objective (RTO)?

Options:

A.

Use an Amazon Aurora global database with a pilot light deployment

B.

Use an Amazon Aurora global database with a warm standby deployment

C.

Use an Amazon RDS Multi-AZ DB instance with a pilot light deployment

D.

Use an Amazon RDS Multi-AZ DB instance with a warm standby deployment

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Questions 231

A company deploys an appliation on five Amazon EC2 instances. An Applicatin Load Balancer (ALB) distributes traffic to the instances by using a target group. The average CPU usage on each of the insatances is below 10% most of the time. With occasional surges to 65%.

A solution architect needs to implement a solution to automate the scalability of the application. The solution must optimize the cost of the architecture and must ensure that the application has enough CPU resources when surges occur.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm that enters the ALARM state when the CPUUtilization metric is less than 20%. Create an AWS Lambda function that the CloudWatch alarm invokes to terminate one of the EC2 instances in the ALB target group.

B.

Create an EC2 Auto Scaling. Select the exisiting ALB as the load balancer and the existing target group as the target group. Set a target tracking scaling policy that is based on the ASGAverageCPUUtilization metric. Set the minimum instances to 2, the desired capacity to 3, the desired capacity to 3, the maximum instances to 6, and the target value to 50%. And the EC2 instances to the Auto Scaling group.

C.

Create an EC2 Auto Scaling. Select the exisiting ALB as the load balancer and the existing target group. Set the minimum instances to 2, the desired capacity to 3, and the maximum instances to 6 Add the EC2 instances to the Scaling group.

D.

Create two Amazon CloudWatch alarms. Configure the first CloudWatch alarm to enter the ALARM satet when the average CPUTUilization metric is below 20%. Configure the seconnd CloudWatch alarm to enter the ALARM state when the average CPUUtilization metric is aboove 50%. Configure the alarms to publish to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to send an email message. After receiving the message, log in to decrease or incre

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Questions 232

An IAM user made several configuration changes to AWS resources m their company's account during a production deployment last week. A solutions architect learned that a couple of security group rules are not configured as desired. The solutions architect wants to confirm which IAM user was responsible for making changes.

Which service should the solutions architect use to find the desired information?

Options:

A.

Amazon GuardDuty

B.

Amazon Inspector

C.

AWS CloudTrail

D.

AWS Config

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Questions 233

A company uses Amazon EC2 instances and AWS Lambda functions to run its application. The company has VPCs with public subnets and private subnets in its AWS account. The EC2 instances run in a private subnet in one of the VPCs. The Lambda functions need direct network access to the EC2 instances for the application to work.

The application will run for at least 1 year. The company expects the number of Lambda functions that the application uses to increase during that time. The company wants to maximize its savings on all application resources and to keep network latency between the services low.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Purchase on an EC2 instance Savings Plan. Optimize the Lambda functions duration and memory usage and the number of invocations. Connect the Lambda functions to the private subnet that contains the EC2 instances.

B.

Purchase on an EC2 instance Savings Plan. Optimize the Lambda functions duration and memory usage and the number of invocation, and the amount of data that is transfered. Connect the Lambda functions to a public subnet in the same VPC where the EC2 instances run.

C.

Purchase a Compute Savings Plan. Optimize the Lambda functions duration and memory usage, the number of invocations, and the amount of data that is transferred Connect the Lambda function to the Private subnet that contains the EC2 instances.

D.

Purchase a Compute Savings Plan. Optimize the Lambda functions‘ duration and memory usage, the number of invocations, and the amount of data that is transferred Keep the Lambda functions in the Lambda service VPC.

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Questions 234

A gaming company is moving its public scoreboard from a data center to the AWS Cloud. The company uses Amazon EC2 Windows Server instances behind an

Application Load Balancer to host its dynamic application. The company needs a highly available storage solution for the application. The application consists of static files and dynamic server-side code.

Which combination of steps should a solutions architect take to meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Store the static files on Amazon S3. Use Amazon CloudFront to cache objects at the edge.

B.

Store the static files on Amazon S3. Use Amazon ElastiCache to cache objects at the edge.

C.

Store the server-side code on Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS). Mount the EFS volume on each EC2 instance to share the files.

D.

Store the server-side code on Amazon FSx for Windows File Server. Mount the FSx for Windows File Server volume on each EC2 instance to share the files.

E.

Store the server-side code on a General Purpose SSD (gp2) Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume. Mount the EBS volume on each EC2 instance to share the files.

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Questions 235

A company wants to implement a disaster recovery plan for its primary on-premises file storage volume. The file storage volume is mounted from an Internet Small Computer Systems Interface (iSCSI) device on a local storage server. The file storage volume holds hundreds of terabytes (TB) of data.

The company wants to ensure that end users retain immediate access to all file types from the on-premises systems without experiencing latency.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of change to the company's existing infrastructure?

Options:

A.

Provision an Amazon S3 File Gateway as a virtual machine (VM) that is hosted on premises. Set the local cache to 10 TB. Modify existing applications to access the files through the NFS protocol. To recover from a disaster, provision an Amazon EC2 instance and mount the S3 bucket that contains the files.

B.

Provision an AWS Storage Gateway tape gateway. Use a data backup solution to back up all existing data to a virtual tape library. Configure the data backup solution to run nightly after the initial backup is complete. To recover from a disaster, provision an Amazon EC2 instance and restore the data to an Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume from the volumes in the virtual tape library.

C.

Provision an AWS Storage Gateway Volume Gateway cached volume. Set the local cache to 10 TB. Mount the Volume Gateway cached volume to the existing file server by using iSCSI. and copy all files to the storage volume. Configure scheduled snapshots of the storage volume. To recover from a disaster, restore a snapshot to an Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume and attach the EBS volume to an Amazon EC2 instance.

D.

Provision an AWS Storage Gateway Volume Gateway stored volume with the same amount of disk space as the existing file storage volume. Mount the Volume Gateway stored volume to the existing file server by using iSCSI, and copy all files to the storage volume. Configure scheduled snapshots of the storage volume. To recover from a disaster, restore a snapshot to an Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume and attach the EBS volume to an

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Questions 236

A company is building a new dynamic ordering website. The company wants to minimize server maintenance and patching. The website must be highly available and must scale read and write capacity as quickly as possible to meet changes in user demand.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Host static content in Amazon S3 Host dynamic content by using Amazon API Gateway and AWS Lambda Use Amazon DynamoDB with on-demand capacity for the database Configure Amazon CloudFront to deliver the website content

B.

Host static content in Amazon S3 Host dynamic content by using Amazon API Gateway and AWS Lambda Use Amazon Aurora with Aurora Auto Scaling for the database Configure Amazon CloudFront to deliver the website content

C.

Host al the website content on Amazon EC2 instances Create an Auto Scaling group to scale the EC2 Instances Use an Application Load Balancer to distribute traffic Use Amazon DynamoDB with provisioned write capacity for the database

D.

Host at the website content on Amazon EC2 instances Create an Auto Scaling group to scale the EC2 instances Use an Application Load Balancer to distribute traffic Use Amazon Aurora with Aurora Auto Scaling for the database

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Questions 237

A company hosts a multi-tier web application that uses an Amazon Aurora MySQL DB cluster for storage. The application tier is hosted on Amazon EC2 instances. The company's IT security guidelines mandate that the database credentials be encrypted and rotated every 14 days

What should a solutions architect do to meet this requirement with the LEAST operational effort?

Options:

A.

Create a new AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) encryption key Use AWS Secrets Manager to create a new

secret that uses the KMS key with the appropriate credentials Associate the secret with the Aurora DB cluster Configure a custom rotation period of 14 days

B.

Create two parameters in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store one for the user name as a string parameter and one that uses the SecureStnng type for the password Select AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) encryption for the password parameter, and load these parameters in the application tier Implement an AWS Lambda function that rotates the password every 14 days.

C.

Store a file that contains the credentials in an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) encrypted Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system Mount the EFS file system in all EC2 instances of the application tier. Restrict the access to the file on the file system so that the application can read the file and that only super users can modify the file Implement an AWS Lambda function that rotates the key in Aurora every 14 days and wri

D.

Store a file that contains the credentials in an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) encrypted Amazon S3 bucket that the application uses to load the credentials Download the file to the application regularly to ensure that the correct credentials are used Implement an AWS Lambda function that rotates the Aurora credentials every 14 days and uploads these credentials to the file in the S3 bucket

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Questions 238

A company is developing a file-sharing application that will use an Amazon S3 bucket for storage. The company wants to serve all the files through an Amazon CloudFront distribution. The company does not want the files to be accessible through direct navigation to the S3 URL.

What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Write individual policies for each S3 bucket to grant read permission for only CloudFront access.

B.

Create an IAM user. Grant the user read permission to objects in the S3 bucket. Assign the user to CloudFront.

C.

Write an S3 bucket policy that assigns the CloudFront distribution ID as the Principal and assigns the target S3 bucket as the Amazon Resource Name (ARN).

D.

Create an origin access identity (OAI). Assign the OAI to the CloudFront distribution. Configure the S3 bucket permissions so that only the OAI has read permission.

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Questions 239

A company is concerned about the security of its public web application due to recent web attacks. The application uses an Application Load Balancer (ALB). A solutions architect must reduce the risk of DDoS attacks against the application.

What should the solutions architect do to meet this requirement?

Options:

A.

Add an Amazon Inspector agent to the ALB.

B.

Configure Amazon Macie to prevent attacks.

C.

Enable AWS Shield Advanced to prevent attacks.

D.

Configure Amazon GuardDuty to monitor the ALB.

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Questions 240

An online retail company has more than 50 million active customers and receives more than 25,000 orders each day. The company collects purchase data for customers and stores this data in Amazon S3. Additional customer data is stored in Amazon RDS.

The company wants to make all the data available to various teams so that the teams can perform analytics. The solution must provide the ability to manage fine-grained permissions for the data and must minimize operational overhead.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Migrate the purchase data to write directly to Amazon RDS. Use RDS access controls to limit access.

B.

Schedule an AWS Lambda function to periodically copy data from Amazon RDS to Amazon S3. Create an AWS Glue crawler. Use Amazon Athena to query the data. Use S3 policies to limit access.

C.

Create a data lake by using AWS Lake Formation. Create an AWS Glue JDBC connection to Amazon RDS. Register (he S3 bucket in Lake Formation. Use Lake Formation access controls to limit access.

D.

Create an Amazon Redshift cluster. Schedule an AWS Lambda function to periodically copy data from Amazon S3 and Amazon RDS to Amazon Redshift. Use Amazon Redshift access controls to limit access.

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Questions 241

A solutions architect is creating a new Amazon CloudFront distribution for an application. Some of the information submitted by users is sensitive. The application uses HTTPS but needs another layer of security. The sensitive information should be protected throughout the entire application stack, and access to the information should be restricted to certain applications.

Which action should the solutions architect take?

Options:

A.

Configure a CloudFront signed URL.

B.

Configure a CloudFront signed cookie.

C.

Configure a CloudFront field-level encryption profile.

D.

Configure CloudFront and set the Origin Protocol Policy setting to HTTPS Only for the Viewer Protocol Policy.

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Questions 242

A company is building a web-based application running on Amazon EC2 instances in multiple Availability Zones. The web application will provide access to a repository of text documents totaling about 900 TB in size. The company anticipates that the web application will experience periods of high demand. A solutions architect must ensure that the storage component for the text documents can scale to meet the demand of the application at all times. The company is concerned about the overall cost of the solution.

Which storage solution meets these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS)

B.

Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS)

C.

Amazon Elasticsearch Service (Amazon ES)

D.

Amazon S3

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Questions 243

A company runs a web-based portal that provides users with global breaking news, local alerts, and weather updates. The portal delivers each user a personalized view by using mixture of static and dynamic content. Content is served over HTTPS through an API server running on an Amazon EC2 instance behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The company wants the portal to provide this content to its users across the world as quickly as possible.

How should a solutions architect design the application to ensure the LEAST amount of latency for all users?

Options:

A.

Deploy the application stack in a single AWS Region. Use Amazon CloudFront to serve all static and dynamic content by specifying the ALB as an origin.

B.

Deploy the application stack in two AWS Regions. Use an Amazon Route 53 latency routing policy to serve all content from the ALB in the closest Region.

C.

Deploy the application stack in a single AWS Region. Use Amazon CloudFront to serve the static content. Serve the dynamic content directly from the ALB.

D.

Deploy the application stack in two AWS Regions. Use an Amazon Route 53 geolocation routing policy to serve all content from the ALB in the closest Region.

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Questions 244

A solutions architect needs to securely store a database user name and password that an application uses to access an Amazon RDS DB instance. The application that accesses the database runs on an Amazon EC2 instance. The solutions architect wants to create a secure parameter in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store.

What should the solutions architect do to meet this requirement?

Options:

A.

Create an IAM role that has read access to the Parameter Store parameter. Allow Decrypt access to an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key that is used to encrypt the parameter. Assign this IAM role to the EC2 instance.

B.

Create an IAM policy that allows read access to the Parameter Store parameter. Allow Decrypt access to an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key that is used to encrypt the parameter. Assign this IAM policy to the EC2 instance.

C.

Create an IAM trust relationship between the Parameter Store parameter and the EC2 instance. Specify Amazon RDS as a principal in the trust policy.

D.

Create an IAM trust relationship between the DB instance and the EC2 instance. Specify Systems Manager as a principal in the trust policy.

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Questions 245

A company runs a production application on a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances. The application reads the data from an Amazon SQS queue and processes the messages in parallel. The message volume is unpredictable and often has intermittent traffic. This application should continually process messages without any downtime.

Which solution meets these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Use Spot Instances exclusively to handle the maximum capacity required.

B.

Use Reserved Instances exclusively to handle the maximum capacity required.

C.

Use Reserved Instances for the baseline capacity and use Spot Instances to handle additional capacity.

D.

Use Reserved Instances for the baseline capacity and use On-Demand Instances to handle additional capacity.

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Questions 246

A company sells ringtones created from clips of popular songs. The files containing the ringtones are stored in Amazon S3 Standard and are at least 128 KB in size. The company has millions of files, but downloads are infrequent for ringtones older than 90 days. The company needs to save money on storage while keeping the most accessed files readily available for its users.

Which action should the company take to meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Configure S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) storage for the initial storage tier of the objects.

B.

Move the files to S3 Intelligent-Tiering and configure it to move objects to a less expensive storage tier after 90 days.

C.

Configure S3 inventory to manage objects and move them to S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-1A) after 90 days.

D.

Implement an S3 Lifecycle policy that moves the objects from S3 Standard to S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-1A) after 90 days.

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Questions 247

A company produces batch data that comes from different databases. The company also produces live stream data from network sensors and application APIs. The company needs to consolidate all the data into one place for business analytics. The company needs to process the incoming data and then stage the data in different Amazon S3 buckets. Teams will later run one-time queries and import the data into a business intelligence tool to show key performance indicators (KPIs).

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

Use Amazon Athena foe one-time queries Use Amazon QuickSight to create dashboards for KPIs

B.

Use Amazon Kinesis Data Analytics for one-time queries Use Amazon QuickSight to create dashboards for KPIs

C.

Create custom AWS Lambda functions to move the individual records from me databases to an Amazon Redshift duster

D.

Use an AWS Glue extract transform, and toad (ETL) job to convert the data into JSON format Load the data into multiple Amazon OpenSearch Service (Amazon Elasticsearch Service) dusters

E.

Use blueprints in AWS Lake Formation to identify the data that can be ingested into a data lake Use AWS Glue to crawl the source extract the data and load the data into Amazon S3 in Apache Parquet format

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Questions 248

A hospital wants to create digital copies for its large collection of historical written records. The hospital will continue to add hundreds of new documents each day. The hospital's data team will scan the documents and will upload the documents to the AWS Cloud.

A solutions architect must implement a solution to analyze the documents, extract the medical information, and store the documents so that an application can run SQL queries on the data. The solution must maximize scalability and operational efficiency.

Which combination of steps should the solutions architect take to meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Write the document information to an Amazon EC2 instance that runs a MySQL database.

B.

Write the document information to an Amazon S3 bucket. Use Amazon Athena to query the data.

C.

Create an Auto Scaling group of Amazon EC2 instances to run a custom application that processes the scanned files and extracts the medical information.

D.

Create an AWS Lambda function that runs when new documents are uploaded. Use Amazon Rekognition to convert the documents to raw text. Use Amazon Transcribe Medical to detect and extract relevant medical information from the text.

E.

Create an AWS Lambda function that runs when new documents are uploaded. Use Amazon Textract to convert the documents to raw text. Use Amazon Comprehend Medical to detect and extract relevant medical information from the text.

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Questions 249

An entertainment company is using Amazon DynamoDB to store media metadata. The application is read intensive and experiencing delays. The company does not have staff to handle additional operational overhead and needs to improve the performance efficiency of DynamoDB without reconfiguring the application.

What should a solutions architect recommend to meet this requirement?

Options:

A.

Use Amazon ElastiCache for Redis.

B.

Use Amazon DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX).

C.

Replicate data by using DynamoDB global tables.

D.

Use Amazon ElastiCache for Memcached with Auto Discovery enabled.

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Questions 250

A company is running a multi-tier web application on premises. The web application is containerized and runs on a number of Linux hosts connected to a PostgreSQL database that contains user records. The operational overhead of maintaining the infrastructure and capacity planning is limiting the company's growth. A solutions architect must improve the application's infrastructure.

Which combination of actions should the solutions architect take to accomplish this? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

Migrate the PostgreSQL database to Amazon Aurora

B.

Migrate the web application to be hosted on Amazon EC2 instances.

C.

Set up an Amazon CloudFront distribution for the web application content.

D.

Set up Amazon ElastiCache between the web application and the PostgreSQL database.

E.

Migrate the web application to be hosted on AWS Fargate with Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS).

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Questions 251

A company runs workloads on AWS. The company needs to connect to a service from an external provider. The service is hosted in the provider's VPC. According to the company’s security team, the connectivity must be private and must be restricted to the target service. The connection must be initiated only from the company’s VPC.

Which solution will mast these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a VPC peering connection between the company's VPC and the provider's VPC. Update the route table to connect to the target service.

B.

Ask the provider to create a virtual private gateway in its VPC. Use AWS PrivateLink to connect to the target service.

C.

Create a NAT gateway in a public subnet of the company's VPC. Update the route table to connect to the target service.

D.

Ask the provider to create a VPC endpoint for the target service. Use AWS PrivateLink to connect to the target service.

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Questions 252

A solutions architect needs to implement a solution to reduce a company's storage costs. All the company's data is in the Amazon S3 Standard storage class. The company must keep all data for at least 25 years. Data from the most recent 2 years must be highly available and immediately retrievable.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Set up an S3 Lifecycle policy to transition objects to S3 Glacier Deep Archive immediately.

B.

Set up an S3 Lifecycle policy to transition objects to S3 Glacier Deep Archive after 2 years.

C.

Use S3 Intelligent-Tiering. Activate the archiving option to ensure that data is archived in S3 Glacier Deep Archive.

D.

Set up an S3 Lifecycle policy to transition objects to S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA) immediately and to S3 Glacier Deep Archive after 2 years.

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Questions 253

A company has a Windows-based application that must be migrated to AWS. The application requires the use of a shared Windows file system attached to multiple Amazon EC2 Windows instances that are deployed across multiple Availability Zones.

What should a solutions architect do to meet this requirement?

Options:

A.

Configure AWS Storage Gateway in volume gateway mode. Mount the volume to each Windows instance.

B.

Configure Amazon FSx for Windows File Server. Mount the Amazon FSx file system to each Windows instance.

C.

Configure a file system by using Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS). Mount the EFS file system to each Windows instance.

D.

Configure an Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume with the required size. Attach each EC2 instance to the volume. Mount the file system within the volume to each Windows instance.

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Questions 254

A company has an AWS account used for software engineering. The AWS account has access to the company's on-premises data center through a pair of AWS Direct Connect connections. All non-VPC traffic routes to the virtual private gateway.

A development team recently created an AWS Lambda function through the console. The development team needs to allow the function to access a database that runs in a private subnet in the company's data center.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure the Lambda function to run in the VPC with the appropriate security group.

B.

Set up a VPN connection from AWS to the data center. Route the traffic from the Lambda function through the VPN.

C.

Update the route tables in the VPC to allow the Lambda function to access the on-premises data center through Direct Connect.

D.

Create an Elastic IP address. Configure the Lambda function to send traffic through the Elastic IP address without an elastic network interface.

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Questions 255

A gaming company has a web application that displays scores. The application runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The application stores data in an Amazon RDS for MySQL database. Users are starting to experience long delays and interruptions that are caused by database read performance. The company wants to improve the user experience while minimizing changes to the application's architecture.

What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use Amazon ElastiCache in front of the database.

B.

Use RDS Proxy between the application and the database.

C.

Migrate the application from EC2 instances to AWS Lambda.

D.

Migrate the database from Amazon RDS for MySQL to Amazon DynamoDB.

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Questions 256

A company runs a stateless web application in production on a group of Amazon EC2 On-Demand Instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The application experiences heavy usage during an 8-hour period each business day. Application usage is moderate and steady overnight Application usage is low during weekends.

The company wants to minimize its EC2 costs without affecting the availability of the application.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use Spot Instances for the entire workload.

B.

Use Reserved instances for the baseline level of usage Use Spot Instances for any additional capacity that the application needs.

C.

Use On-Demand Instances for the baseline level of usage. Use Spot Instances for any additional capacity that the application needs

D.

Use Dedicated Instances for the baseline level of usage. Use On-Demand Instances for any additional capacity that the application needs

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Questions 257

A company runs its two-tier ecommerce website on AWS. The web tier consists of a load balancer that sends traffic to Amazon EC2 instances. The database tier uses an Amazon RDS DB instance. The EC2 instances and the RDS DB instance should not be exposed to the public internet. The EC2 instances require internet access to complete payment processing of orders through a third-party web service. The application must be highly available.

Which combination of configuration options will meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

Use an Auto Scaling group to launch the EC2 instances in private subnets. Deploy an RDS Multi-AZ DB instance in private subnets.

B.

Configure a VPC with two private subnets and two NAT gateways across two Availability Zones. Deploy an Application Load Balancer in the private subnets.

C.

Use an Auto Scaling group to launch the EC2 instances in public subnets across two Availability Zones. Deploy an RDS Multi-AZ DB instance in private subnets.

D.

Configure a VPC with one public subnet, one private subnet, and two NAT gateways across two Availability Zones. Deploy an Application Load Balancer in the public subnet.

E.

Configure a VPC with two public subnets, two private subnets, and two NAT gateways across two Availability Zones. Deploy an Application Load Balancer in the public subnets.

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Questions 258

A company uses a three-tier web application to provide training to new employees. The application is accessed for only 12 hours every day. The company is using an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance to store information and wants to minimize costs.

What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure an IAM policy for AWS Systems Manager Session Manager. Create an IAM role for the policy. Update the trust relationship of the role. Set up automatic start and stop for the DB instance.

B.

Create an Amazon ElastiCache for Redis cache cluster that gives users the ability to access the data from the cache when the DB instance is stopped. Invalidate the cache after the DB instance is started.

C.

Launch an Amazon EC2 instance. Create an IAM role that grants access to Amazon RDS. Attach the role to the EC2 instance. Configure a cron job to start and stop the EC2 instance on the desired schedule.

D.

Create AWS Lambda functions to start and stop the DB instance. Create Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) scheduled rules to invoke the Lambda functions. Configure the Lambda functions as event targets for the rules

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Questions 259

Organizers for a global event want to put daily reports online as static HTML pages. The pages are expected to generate millions of views from users around the world. The files are stored In an Amazon S3 bucket. A solutions architect has been asked to design an efficient and effective solution.

Which action should the solutions architect take to accomplish this?

Options:

A.

Generate presigned URLs for the files.

B.

Use cross-Region replication to all Regions.

C.

Use the geoproximtty feature of Amazon Route 53.

D.

Use Amazon CloudFront with the S3 bucket as its origin.

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Questions 260

A company has a mulli-tier application that runs six front-end web servers in an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group in a single Availability Zone behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). A solutions architect needs lo modify the infrastructure to be highly available without modifying the application.

Which architecture should the solutions architect choose that provides high availability?

Options:

A.

Create an Auto Scaling group that uses three Instances across each of tv/o Regions.

B.

Modify the Auto Scaling group to use three instances across each of two Availability Zones.

C.

Create an Auto Scaling template that can be used to quickly create more instances in another Region.

D.

Change the ALB in front of the Amazon EC2 instances in a round-robin configuration to balance traffic to the web tier.

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Questions 261

A company hosts a two-tier application on Amazon EC2 instances and Amazon RDS. The application's demand varies based on the time of day. The load is minimal after work hours and on weekends. The EC2 instances run in an EC2 Auto Scaling group that is configured with a minimum of two instances and a maximum of five instances. The application must be available at all times, but the company is concerned about overall cost.

Which solution meets the availability requirement MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Use all EC2 Spot Instances. Stop the RDS database when it is not in use.

B.

Purchase EC2 Instance Savings Plans to cover five EC2 instances. Purchase an RDS Reserved DB Instance

C.

Purchase two EC2 Reserved Instances Use up to three additional EC2 Spot Instances as needed. Stop the RDS database when it is not in use.

D.

Purchase EC2 Instance Savings Plans to cover two EC2 instances. Use up to three additional EC2 On-Demand Instances as needed. Purchase an RDS Reserved DB Instance.

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Questions 262

A company needs to move data from an Amazon EC2 instance to an Amazon S3 bucket. The company must ensure that no API calls and no data are routed through public internet routes. Only the EC2 instance can have access to upload data to the S3 bucket.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an interface VPC endpoint for Amazon S3 in the subnet where the EC2 instance is located. Attach a resource policy to the S3 bucket to only allow the EC2 instance's IAM role for access.

B.

Create a gateway VPC endpoint for Amazon S3 in the Availability Zone where the EC2 instance is located. Attach appropriate security groups to the endpoint. Attach a resource policy lo the S3 bucket to only allow the EC2 instance's IAM role for access.

C.

Run the nslookup tool from inside the EC2 instance to obtain the private IP address of the S3 bucket's service API endpoint. Create a route in the VPC route table to provide the EC2 instance with access to the S3 bucket. Attach a resource policy to the S3 bucket to only allow the EC2 instance's IAM role for access.

D.

Use the AWS provided, publicly available ip-ranges.json tile to obtain the private IP address of the S3 bucket's service API endpoint. Create a route in the VPC route table to provide the EC2 instance with access to the S3 bucket. Attach a resource policy to the S3 bucket to only allow the EC2 instance's IAM role for access.

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Questions 263

A corporation has recruited a new cloud engineer who should not have access to the CompanyConfidential Amazon S3 bucket. The cloud engineer must have read and write permissions on an S3 bucket named AdminTools.

Which IAM policy will satisfy these criteria?

Options:

A.

B.

C.

D.

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Exam Code: SAA-C03
Exam Name: AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Associate (SAA-C03)
Last Update: Nov 14, 2024
Questions: 879
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